Health
Researchers investigate how maternal mood affects infant language development
Communicating with babies in infant speech is considered an essential prerequisite for successful language development in young children. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences investigated how postpartum maternal mood affects child development. They found that even children whose mothers suffered from mild depressed mood and who did not yet need treatment showed early signs of delayed language development. may be in The findings may help prevent potential deficits early.
Up to 70% of mothers develop postpartum depression, also known as baby blues, after their baby is born. Analyzes show that this can also affect the child’s own development and speech. However, until now, it was not known exactly how this disorder manifests itself in early language development in infants.
In one study, scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig investigated how well babies differentiate between sounds of speech depending on their mother’s mood. This ability is considered an important prerequisite for further steps towards a fully developed language. If you can distinguish sounds, you can also distinguish individual words. We found that if mothers exhibited more negative mood at 2 months of age, their children were on average immature in processing speech sounds at 6 months of age. Toddlers found it particularly difficult to distinguish between syllable pitches.
Specifically, we showed that the development of the so-called mismatch response was delayed in mothers compared to those in more positive moods. . If this development to a pronounced mismatch response is delayed, this may indicate an increased risk of suffering from language disorders later in life.
Gesa Schaadt, MPI CBS Postdoc, Professor of Childhood and Adolescent Development at FU Berlin, and lead author of the study now published in the journal, explains: JAMA network open“When giving words to babies, they probably don’t use pitch changes much.” This also leads to a more limited perception of different pitches in children, she said. is considered a prerequisite for further language development.
This result demonstrates how important it is for parents to use infant-friendly speech for their children’s further language development. Toddler speech with large changes in pitch, more distinct emphasis on certain parts of the word, and focus of the infant’s attention on what is being said is considered suitable for children. Mothers who suffer from depression, on the other hand, often speak in a more monotonous, less infantile manner.
Adequate support is also needed for mothers suffering from mild ailments that do not yet require treatment to ensure proper infant development. ”
Gesa Schaadt, Postdoctoral Fellow at MPI CBS, Professor of Childhood and Adolescent Development, FU Berlin
It doesn’t necessarily have to be a systematic intervention. “Sometimes the father needs to be more involved.”
The researchers investigated these relationships with the help of 46 mothers who reported varying moods after giving birth. was measured using a questionnaire. They also used electroencephalography (EEG). This helps measure how well babies distinguish speech sounds from each other. For this purpose, so-called mismatched responses are used. Her EEG signals in particular show how well her brain processes and distinguishes between different sounds. The research team recorded this reaction when giving 2- and 6-month-old babies syllables such as “ba,” “ga,” and “bu.”
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Journal reference:
Schaadt, G., and others. (2022) Association between 2- and 6.5-month-old infant speech perception and postpartum maternal mood. JAMA network opened. doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.32672.
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