Health
Scientists at Stanford University are transplanting human brain cells into rat brains to study autism and other conditions
Stamford, California — For decades, researchers have peered into the human brain, trying to unlock the secrets of conditions ranging from autism to epilepsy to mental illness.
But now, a team from Stanford University says they didn’t just look at the brain, they built their own, or at least a small part of the brain. It’s not that you live there, but that you live inside the rat’s head.
“And we did this by implanting the organoids early in the developing rat, so at a time when the rat’s brain is still plastic and able to form new connections,” said the psychiatry professor. Serge Pasca, M.D., majored in Behavioral Sciences at Stanford Medical School.
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The first step was to create brain tissue using what are known as pluripotent stem cells. They are derived from skin samples and induced to develop into almost any type of cell in the body. But Pasca’s team didn’t just work in culture dishes, they transplanted the cells into living mouse brains. They soon saw blood vessels connecting and human neurons beginning to grow.
“And we found that it started to connect with some of the rat’s circuits. For example, it receives input from the thalamus, a very important structure in the middle of the brain. It relays information from the sensors. That’s because we’ve placed the information from the whiskers in the areas of the brain that process it,” explains the professor. Pasca.
The researchers were able to confirm that the sensations from the rat’s whiskers were processed by human brain cells. taught to associate with Behavior is processed by human brain cells.
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The Stanford team is clearly not looking to create humanized rats. Develop a platform for
They believe the data can provide important insights into forms of autism and possibly many other conditions, including psychiatric disorders.
“So, neuropsychiatric disorders are the number one cause of disability, and they pose an immense burden to society as a whole, and we have made very little progress in understanding the biology of this condition.” ,” says the professor. Pasca.
But with this new access, they hope faster tests will lead to new drugs and possibly powerful new ways to study the human brain.
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