Liver disease: Gut bacteria may reduce harmful effects of nicotine

To Carissa Wong

change the gut microbiota It may help reduce the harmful effects of nicotine on the liver.

Previous research suggests that smoking cigarettes or using nicotine patches can cause nicotine to build up in your gut, leading to more serious symptoms. nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseThis condition can lead to liver failure due to scarring and harmful inflammation caused by high levels of fat within the organ.

A study in mice now shows that gut bacteria that break down nicotine can reduce the severity of this condition.

Frank Gonzales When Lulu Sun Maryland’s National Institutes of Health and colleagues first gave 6 mice with gut bacteria and 6 mice without gut bacteria with water containing nicotine to see how they affected them. Intestinal nicotine levels were higher in mice without gut bacteria than in mice with such bacteria.

The team then identified a species of bacteria called Bacteroides xylanisolvens An enzyme called NicX can be used to break down nicotine in laboratory dishes.

To see if microbes can reduce the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the researchers also gave 12 mice gut bacteria and nicotine-laced water along with sugar and cholesterol. The condition was induced by feeding a high diet for 20 weeks. Some mice have B. Xylanisolbenz Gastric infusion via tube every three days reduced the amount of nicotine in the intestines of these mice by about half.

In addition, the livers of bacteria-fed mice were less scarred and inflamed than other mice, suggesting that the microbes counteracted the harmful effects of nicotine.

The researchers also analyzed stool samples from 41 smokers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, B. Xylanisolbenz Severe liver disease was less common in their faeces.

Sun suggests developing a probiotic containing the NicX enzyme to lower nicotine levels and prevent fatty liver disease.

But more research is needed to see if this works, and it shouldn’t be seen as a way to continue smoking, says Gonzalez. is very difficult and there are limitations to such an approach,” he says.

Journal reference: Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05299-4

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