Extremely hot and cold days are associated with cardiovascular death

Research highlights:

• A multinational analysis of more than 32 million cardiovascular disease deaths over a 40-year period found that more deaths occurred on days with the hottest or coldest temperatures.
• Among the types of cardiovascular disease, people with heart failure experienced the highest number of deaths during extreme temperatures.
• With climate change, more research is needed to consider and develop strategies to potentially mitigate the effects of extreme temperatures on cardiovascular disease, researchers say.

Embargoed until Monday, December 12, 2022 at 4:00 AM / 5:00 AM ET

Dallas, December 12, 2022 — Very hot When low temperature Both increased the patient’s risk of death cardiovascular diseaseischemic heart disease (a heart problem caused by narrowing of the heart arteries), etc. stroke, heart failure When arrhythmiaaccording to a new study published today in the American Heart Association’s flagship journal circulation.

Among the cardiovascular diseases examined in this study, heart failure Extreme heat and cold were associated with the highest excess mortality.

“The decline in cardiovascular mortality since the 1960s is a major public health success, as cardiologists identified and addressed individual risk factors such as tobacco use and physical inactivity. type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure others. The current challenge is the environment and how climate change will affect us,” said Harvard TH Chan, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston. PhD, Master of Public Health, PhD says. He is at the Faculty of Public Health at Kuwait University in Kuwait City.

Researchers have investigated how extreme temperatures affect heart disease. They analyzed her health data of over 32 million cardiovascular deaths that occurred in 567 cities in 27 countries on 5 continents between 1979 and 2019. Global data were provided by the Multi-Country Multi-City (MCC) Collaborative Research Network, a consortium of epidemiologists. , biostatisticians, and climate scientists study the health effects of climate and related environmental stressors on mortality.

Because climate change is associated with large variations in extreme heat and cold, researchers looked at both in the current study. For this analysis, the researchers compared cardiovascular deaths on days of 2.5% of the highest and lowest temperatures in each city with those of the same city at the optimum temperature (the temperature with the lowest mortality rate). Did.

For every 1,000 cardiovascular deaths, researchers found:

• 2.2 people died due to extremely hot days.
• 9.1 people died due to the extremely cold weather.
• By type of heart disease, heart failure had the highest number of deaths (2.6 more on very hot days and 12.8 more on extremely cold days).

“One in 100 deaths from cardiovascular disease can be attributed to days with extreme temperatures, and when looking at deaths from heart failure, the effect of temperature was more pronounced,” said co-author of the study. Yes, says Haitham Kleischer, M.D., Fellow in Cardiovascular Diseases, University of London. Maryland Medical College and the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore. “We don’t know why, but this may be explained by the fact that heart failure progresses as a disease and makes patients more susceptible to body temperature. One in four heart failure patients will die within 30 days after discharge. This is an important finding because only 20% of heart failure patients who are rehospitalized at 10 years old survive 10 years after diagnosis.”

Preventing cardiovascular deaths in extreme temperatures may require targeted warning systems and advice to vulnerable people, researchers suggest.

“We need to address new environmental exposures. Such statements may identify gaps in clinical data and future priorities for research, as well as provide more direction for health professionals.

The paucity of data from South Asia, the Middle East and Africa limits our ability to apply these findings to make global estimates of the impact of extreme temperatures on cardiovascular death.

“This study provides important information to the ongoing social debate about the relationship between climate and human health. Going forward, we will better define these relationships in a world facing climate change worldwide.” More work is needed to do so, especially on how these environmental changes affect heart disease, a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.” A. Harrington, MD, FAHA is Arthur L. Bloomfield, Professor of Medicine and Chair of the School of Medicine at Stanford University.

The other co-author of this study is Dr. Dominic Royé. Dr. Ana Maria Vicedo Cabrera. Yuming Guo, Ph.D. Stefania I. Papatheodorou, MD. Souzana Achilleos, Sc.D.; Dr. Fiorella Acquaotta. Dr. Ben Armstrong. Dr. Michelle L. Bell. Dr. Shih-Chun Pan. Micheline Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Ph.D.; Valentina Colistro, Ph.D.; Dr. Tran Ngoc Dang. Dr. Do Van Dung. Francesca K. De’Donato, Ph.D.; Dr. Alireza Entezari. Dr. Yue-Liang Leon Guo. Masahiro Hashizume, Ph.D.; Yasushi Honda Jan Indermitte, Ph.D.; Carmen Inigez, Ph.D.; Dr. Jouni JK Jaakkola. Dr. Ho Kim. Dr. Eric Lavigne. Dr. Whanhee Lee. Shanshan Li, Ph.D. Joana Madureira, Ph.D.; Fatemeh Mayvaneh, Ph.D.; Dr. Hans Orr. Dr. Wing Overseenko. Dr. Martina S. Raguetri. Niilo RI Ryti, Ph.D.; Dr. Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Dr. Noah Scovronick. Xerxes Seposo, Ph.D.; Francesco Sera, Ph.D.; Susana Pereira Silva, MSc. Dr. Massimo Stafogia. Dr. Aurelio Tobias. Eric Garthick, M.D., Ph.D. Aaron S. Bernstein, MD. Dr. Antonella Zanobetti. Dr. Joel Schwartz. Dr. Antonio Gasparini. and Petros Koutrakis, Ph.D. Author disclosures are provided in the manuscript.

This analysis was funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science (KFAS).

Research published in the American Heart Association scientific journal is peer-reviewed. The statements and conclusions in each manuscript are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy or position of the Society. The Society makes no representations or warranties as to their accuracy or reliability. The association receives funding primarily from individuals. Foundations and companies (including pharmaceuticals, device manufacturers, and other companies) also make donations to fund specific programs and events of the association. The Society has strict policies to prevent these relationships from affecting the content of science. Income from pharmaceutical companies, biotech companies, device manufacturers, health insurers, and the association’s overall financial information are available. here.

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