Geneva —
The World Health Organization says climate change is behind the unprecedented surge in cholera cases around the world this year.
At least 30 countries have reported deadly disease outbreaks this year, about a third more than usual.
Philippe Barbosa, WHO’s cholera and epidemic diarrhea team leader, said most large-scale cholera outbreaks coincided with adverse climate events and were visibly and directly affected. said.
“For example, not only in the Horn of Africa and the Sahel, but also in other parts of the world, we are experiencing very severe droughts,” he said. “Great floods, unprecedented monsoons, successive cyclones. So, again, most of these outbreaks appear to be fueled by the consequences of climate change.”
No quick relief in sight. The World Meteorological Organization predicts that the so-called La Niña climate phenomenon will continue until the end of this year. The pattern of cooling the ocean surface is expected to continue until 2023. The result is prolonged droughts and floods and more cyclones.
As a result, health officials have warned that a major cholera outbreak is likely to continue over the next six months and spread to wider areas. Barbosa said the challenge will be to prevent disease outbreaks.
He said the global shortage of vaccines had forced the WHO to temporarily suspend the two-dose strategy and switch to a single-dose approach. can receive But it shortens the duration of immunity to infection, he said.
“So this situation will continue for the next few months,” he said. “There is no silver bullet or magic solution, and producers are at maximum production.
Barbosa said it was impossible to accurately determine global cholera cases and deaths due to lack of data. However, he pointed out that information from at least 14 countries indicates that the average fatality rate is above 1%. He said the fatality rate for cholera in hard-hit Haiti is about 2%.
Cholera is acute diarrhea caused by consuming contaminated food or water. Treatment includes oral rehydration. Severe cases require prompt intravenous fluids and antibiotics. Cholera can be fatal within hours if left untreated.
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