Health
Researchers take first steps towards treating HIV
Dr. Jamie Mann, a lecturer in vaccinology and immunotherapy. Credit: University of Bristol
Researchers have developed a way to pull HIV from a latent reservoir, making the virus visible to the immune system and providing the possibility of treatment killing.
One of the reasons why it is so difficult to cure an HIV infection is that once the virus enters the body, some of it hides in a dormant state inside the cell, essentially disappearing from both the immune system and the immune system. That is. Antiretroviral drug.. This hidden virus, known as the “latency period”, prevents the treatment of people living with HIV.
Treatment with a combination of anti-HIV drugs can bring down the virus in the body, which is unmeasurable by conventional tests and allows people to live disease free, but when individuals discontinue their lifelong treatment, the Some parts emerge and then rapidly reappear, while some remain dormant within the cell.
Eric Arts, Principal Investigator at Schulich Medicine and Dentistry at Western University, said: “The purpose is to get everything out of hibernation with a targeted punch and kill the rest of the virus.
“We have shown that this can be done in a sample of patients with early stages of HIV disease, and we hope this will lead to targeted therapeutic strategies.”
By studying the cells of individuals who are HIV-positive and undergoing early treatment of the disease, the team at Western University, in collaboration with Case Western Reserve University and Imperial College London, has identified Activator Vector (ACT-VEC) as a potential We succeeded in targeting an effective HIV reservoir. Reactivating this dormant HIV can mask it and kill it with antiretroviral therapy. Their work was published in a journal, EBioMedicine..
Dr. Jamie Mann, who was involved in research at Schulich Medicine & Dentistry at Western University and is now a lecturer in vaccinology and immunotherapy at Bristol University, said: ..
“If the virus doesn’t replicate, the drug can’t affect it. By reactivating the virus, it can either be blocked or targeted by the body through antiretroviral therapy Immune reaction“
This is known as the “shock and kill” strategy, and showed that the research team could shock the virus outside the incubation period, so the next step is to determine if the body can be activated. Is that Immune cells To kill it.
The research team paid particular attention to the virus that lurks inside White blood cell, Called T cells. These cells are some of the most important cells that are initiated by the immune response and protect us from viral infections, including HIV. The results of the study show that the virus may actually hide in the very cells that are designed to help kill it and control the infection.
Professor Artz explains: “The ACT-VEC is specifically designed to make them active. cell It used to respond to HIV, but is now dormant.
“This activation has two purposes. Virus Get out of dormancy, Immune system”
Jamie FS Mann et al. Targeted reactivation of latent HIV-1 using activator vectors in patient samples from acute infections. EBioMedicine (2020). DOI: 10.1016 / j.ebiom.2020.102853
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Bristol University
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