Health
XBB.1.5 ECDC evaluation of substrains
XBB.1.5 is a substrain of XBB with an additional spike RBD mutation S486P. This strain was first detected in the United States on a sample collection date of 22 October 2022, and the strain has increased since then. As of 3 January 2023, there are 3,456 sequences deposited in GISAID EpiCoV belonging to XBB.1.5, with mutational profiles in the Spike regions – Q183E, F486P and F490S. Most of these submissions are from the US (3,080 sequences) and the UK (106 sequences). This variant has also been detected in several other countries including his EU/EEA countries such as Denmark, France, Austria, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Iceland, Belgium, Czech Republic, Portugal and Ireland. increase.
This strain is now estimated to have a significant growth advantage over previously circulating strains in North America (139%) and Europe (137%), although these estimates are subject to significant uncertainties. accompanied. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) reports a doubling time of 9 days for him at a rate of XBB.1.5, US-CDC Nowcast System estimates that the variant percentage is currently around 40% in the United States, and this variant could become dominant in the country within a week. The US CDC also presented growth data comparing XBB.1.5 with previously successful variants. This indicates that XBB 1.5 exhibits his second highest growth advantage to date, second only to BA.1 (the original Omicron strain). This does not necessarily mean that the variant will predominate in the EU/EEA, as significant differences in variant circulation between North America and Europe have been observed several times during the pandemic.
The most likely explanation for the growth advantage is the already high level of immune escape demonstrated by XBB in combination with the effect of the spike-change S486P, which could lead to a contagious advantage, additional immune escape, or Both may be provided. This mutation was rare during the pandemic, presumably because it requires two amino acid substitutions within the same codon to change from phenylalanine to proline. also appeared, but without success. Further laboratory and epidemiological investigations are needed to elucidate the mechanism of the growth advantage conferred by this modification, especially in XBB variants. There is currently insufficient information to assess changes in infection severity associated with subspecies.
While it is possible that this variant will impact the number of COVID-19 cases in the EU/EEA, it will not be impacted within the next month as the variant is currently present at very low levels in the EU/EEA. plug.
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Sources 2/ https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/update-sars-cov-2-variants-ecdc-assessment-xbb15-sub-lineage The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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