Health

The science of sediment transport is key to river conservation and protection — ScienceDaily

Researchers at Simon Fraser University (SFU) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have devised a better way to measure the speed of sediment flow in rivers. This information will help scientists and planners prepare for and understand floods and weather-related events. It can even restore salmon activity and restore rivers.

Their solution outlined in a new paper at Natureall boil down to the shape and specific features of the sediment particles.

“Sediment transport controls the morphology of the Earth’s surface, including the physical environment of all ecosystems, rivers and ocean floors, as well as the terrestrial environment,” says SFU Professor Jeremy Venditti. said Mr. The team conducted research work at SFU’s River Dynamics Lab.

“Despite this, accurately predicting sediment transport remains a stubbornly difficult problem. play an important role in sediment transport velocities.The model we have developed predicts sediment transport.”

In tractive sediment transport, wind or water flows over sedimentary layers, causing grains to “roll and bounce” along the layers. The researchers say sediments are so important to river life cycles that understanding their movements is “notoriously inaccurate.”

The researchers decided to look beyond size and density and focused on two specific properties related to particle shape. The resistance to flow, or drag, and the internal friction involved in the ability to slip through other particles.

Both are incorporated into new formulas that provide successfully matched predictions during a series of hydrographic experiments in the SFU lab.

During the experiment, a stream of water was pumped into a small wooden channel and flowed over a layer of sediment in the form of various particles, including round glass beads and chips, square prisms, and natural gravel. Measurements of sediment transport, drag and bed internal friction were recorded.

In their paper, the research team states: A good understanding of bed load transport is essential to maintain or restore these topographies to their natural state. “

Venditti has led research on the 2018 Big Bar landslide that prevented salmon from reaching spawning grounds in the Fraser River, mapping its impacts and mitigating future risks.

Sources

1/ https://Google.com/

2/ https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/01/230117192928.htm

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