Adipocyte hormones increase the potential for stem cell therapy

Osaka, Japan-Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into different cell types including bone, fat and muscle cells. However, the ability of MSCs to stimulate the repair of damaged tissue by exerting therapeutic effects in the treatment of conditions such as heart disease, cirrhosis, and diabetes has attracted researchers around the world.

However, despite the success of some clinical trials, researchers have struggled to explain the occasional variability of MSC therapy outcomes.

In a recent study published at Molecular therapy, A research team led by Osaka University investigated possible reasons for the inconsistent outcomes of MSC therapy and showed that it could be due to host factors as well as MSC itself.

“We recently reported that adiponectin, a beneficial hormone secreted by adipocytes, which plays a role in muscle regeneration, binds to the cell surface receptor protein T-cadherin,” said lead author Hiroto Nakamura. I will explain. “Given the abundance of T-cadherin on the surface of MSCs, we investigated whether adiponectin is involved in MSC regenerative activity in a model of heart failure.”

Adiponectin is found in high concentrations in blood and has been shown to stimulate the production of exosomes, which are membrane-bound vesicles that carry proteins, lipids, and DNA between cells. Interestingly, exosomes secreted by stem cells carry signals that stimulate repair of recipient cells.

By first measuring exosome production in a cell culture-based system, researchers found that increased adiponectin levels led to a corresponding increase in the abundance of MSC-derived exosomes that was dependent on T-cadherin expression. I have confirmed that they will be connected.

Infusion of MSCs into mice with heart failure significantly improved left ventricular cardiac function associated with increased numbers of circulating exosomes. Most importantly, post-MSC therapy cardiac function is further enhanced by increased levels of adiponectin in the blood.

“Our assay showed that MSCs are affected by plasma adiponectin levels in the host and exert therapeutic effects on cardiac function through the production of exosomes that are dependent on MSC T-cadherin expression,” the corresponding author of the study. According to one Kitaharubun.

“These results show that administration of drugs such as PPARγ agonists that increase adiponectin production in combination with MSC therapy can be used to treat not only severe heart failure but also various diseases involving tissue damage. It can greatly increase your chances, including COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome.”

And as you might be wondering, you’ll find that too much fat is actually detrimental to adiponectin production. Therefore, doctors will not immediately prescribe a high-fat diet.

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“Adiponectin stimulates exosome release and enhances the treatment of heart failure by mesenchymal stem cells in mice” was published in the article. Molecular therapy At DOI: https://Doi.org/Ten.1016 /j.ymthe.2020.06.026..

About Osaka University

Founded in 1931 as one of Japan’s seven Imperial Universities, Osaka University is one of Japan’s leading comprehensive universities with a wide range of specialized fields. This strength is linked to a unique driving force for innovation throughout the scientific process, from basic research to the creation of economically effective applied technologies. Our commitment to innovation is recognized in Japan and around the world, with Japan’s most innovative universities in 2015 (Reuters 2015 Top 100) and one of the world’s most innovative universities in 2017 (Innovative University and Nature Index Innovation 2017). .. Currently, Osaka University is contributing to the innovation of human welfare, the sustainable development of society, and the transformation of society by utilizing its role as a national university corporation designated by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

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