Potential causal role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in prostate cancer

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-A Group of Common Viruses Known to Cause Cervical Cancer-Prostate Cancer Is Also Causal According to a Literature Review Published in the Open Access Journal Infectious agents and cancerSupports universal HPV vaccination cases.

James Lawson and Wendy Glen of the University of New South Wales in Australia prostate cancer. They used existing evidence using a common set of nine causal criteria, such as the strength and consistency with which HPV was associated with prostate cancer, and whether HPV was detected in prostate tissue that later developed cancer. Was evaluated.

James Lawson said: “HPV is just one of many pathogens identified in prostate cancer, but it is the only infectious agent that can be vaccinated, so we evaluate the evidence that could cause HPV in prostate cancer.” Is important.”

The authors found that high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, which cause the majority of cervical cancers, have been identified in normal, benign, and malignant prostate tissue. In some case-control studies, the prevalence of high-risk HPV DNA indicating the presence of the cancer-causing type was significantly higher in prostate cancer compared to normal and benign prostate controls. More specifically, in a recent study, 231 of 1071 cases (21.6%) had prostate cancer positive for HPV, whereas 74 of 1103 cases had benign prostate controls (6.7%) positive for HPV. Met.

Wendy Glenn said: “Several studies conducted using different methods to identify HPV in different countries found that high-risk HPV Prostate cancer More than normal or benign prostate tissue. Previous studies also show that high-risk HPV is present in benign prostate tissue and develops HPV-positive prostate cancer of the same HPV type up to 10 years later. “

The authors also found that countries with high mortality from cervical cancer also had high mortality from prostate cancer, and those with low mortality from cervical cancer also had low mortality from prostate cancer.

James Lawson said: Sexual activity, HPV infections can be transmitted during sexual activity and cause prostate cancer, and Cervical cancer“

The authors suggest that evidence of the causal role of HPV in prostate cancer is robust enough to encourage universal vaccination against HPV infection.

James Lawson said: “Many people assume that HPV infections lead primarily to cancer in women. HPV is a common cause of cancer in men. These are mainly genital cancers of the anus and penis, but not the mouth, tongue, Throat.Therefore, HPV may also play a role in prostate cancer and HPV vaccination may help prevent the development of prostate cancer.”

The authors are unclear on the exact mechanisms by which HPV infection leads to the formation of prostate cancer, and investigation of these mechanisms requires studies of exposing normal prostate cells to HPV. Is warned. The evidence examined by the authors suggests that possible mechanisms may include an indirect role of HPV in cancer formation by inhibiting the protective function of certain enzymes against viral infection. I will. HPV may cooperate with other pathogens in prostate carcinogenesis and participate in prostate inflammation, leading to benign prostatic hypertrophy and subsequent prostate cancer..

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Extending Prostate Cancer Screening May Improve Outcomes

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For more information:
James S. Lawson et al, Evidence for a Causal Role of Human Papillomavirus in Prostate Cancer-A Systematic Review, Infectious agents and cancer (2020). DOI: 10.1186 / s13027-020-00305-8

Provided by
BioMed Central

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