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Biological abnormalities predispose some infants to sudden death

Biological abnormalities predispose some infants to sudden death

 


Sudden infant death syndrome is the death of a seemingly healthy infant before his or her first birthday, inexplicable despite extensive investigations. Death generally seems to occur when the infant is asleep. Although rare, it is now the leading postnatal death in the United States, with 103 of her 100,000 live births per year. Despite the initial success of a nationwide public health campaign in the 1990s to promote safer sleep environments and healthier sleeping postures for infants in the United States, infection rates have remained unchanged over the past 30 years.

The researchers here collected tissue from the San Diego coroner’s office related to infant deaths from 2004 to 2011. The researchers examined the brainstems of 70 infants who died during this period and looked for consistent abnormalities.

They found that serotonin 2A/C receptors were altered in cases of sudden infant death compared with control infant deaths. Previous studies in rodents have shown that 2A/C receptor signaling contributes to wakefulness and autoresuscitation and protects cerebral oxygenation during sleep. This new research supports the idea that biological abnormalities in some infants can lead to death under certain circumstances.

The researchers here believe that Sudden Infant Death Syndrome occurs when three things happen at the same time: That is, the child is in the first year of life and is in a critical period of cardiopulmonary development, the child faces external stressors such as prone sleeping and bed sharing, and the child has a biological abnormality. , making it easier to have trouble breathing during sleep.

The published study builds on previous work by our and other laboratories that showed abnormalities in the serotonergic system in some SIDS infants. Although we identified serotonin 2A/C receptor abnormalities in SIDS, the relationship between the abnormalities and the cause of death remains unclear. To determine what consequences an abnormality of this receptor might have in the context of a larger network of serotonin and non-serotonergic receptors that protect key functions in heart and respiratory control when things go wrong , much research remains. There is currently no means of identifying infants with biological abnormalities in the serotonergic system. Therefore, it is still important to adhere to safe sleep habits. ”


Robin Haynes, lead author of the paper

sauce:

Reference magazines:

Haynes, Republican, other. (2023) Altered 5-HT2A/C receptor binding in the medulla oblongata in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): part I. Tissue-based evidence for abnormal serotonin receptor signaling in cardiopulmonary and arousal-related circuits. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlad030.

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