Health
Genetic Mutation Increases Severity of Avian Flu During US Pandemic
Widespread and increasing severity of genetic alterations
In the past, similar strains of influenza viruses have not caused as severe disease, nor have they spread widely within wild bird populations. The new strain did so much damage that scientists looked to see what was different. The group identified the direct ancestor of the current virus strain. This virus strain spread from Europe to the Americas after acquiring different versions of the viral protein neuraminidase. This new protein has increased the ability of the virus to be transmitted between birds. He then arrived on the east coast of Canada and headed for the United States.
As researchers studied the virus further, they pinpointed exactly which virus caused the current outbreak, unlike previous viruses. They found that after reaching North America, the virus changed rapidly again and became more virulent. It mixed with wild bird flu viruses from North America and exchanged some genes. This gene rearrangement he had two effects. For one, the virus seems to have adapted further to bird populations and infected many different species of birds. This included atypical hosts such as buzzards and eagles, which do not normally infect influenza. Second, the virus has acquired the ability to cause severe illness.
“What’s surprising is that just a few reassortment events in our model actually changed the ability of these viruses to cause disease,” said Webby. “And those events generated many different genotypes from that mixture. Those viruses then spread and now have established themselves in North American wild bird populations.”
Webby and colleagues continue to monitor the ongoing global bird flu pandemic to assess the continuously evolving risks to both humans and birds.
authors and funders
The study’s co-first authors are Ahmed Kandeil, Christopher Patton, Jeremy Jones, Torshar Zivan, and Walter Harrington. St. Jude. Other authors are Sanja Trifkovic, Jon Seiler, Thomas Fabrizio Carly Woodard, Jasmine Turner, Geri-Carroll Crampton, Lance Miller, Adam Rubrum, Jennifer Debechum Charles Russell, Elena Govorkova, Peter Vogel, Lisa Kercher, St. JudeMia Kim Torchetti, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) National Veterinary Services Institute. Johannes Berhane of the National Center for Foreign Animal Diseases and the University of Manitoba, and David Stolknecht and Rebecca Paulson of the University of Georgia.
This work was supported by grants and contracts from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400006C, 7 5N93021C00016 and R01AI150745), the National Science Foundation (1911955), and the fundraising and awareness organization ALSAC. St. Jude.
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