Health
Hormonal patches or creams for menopausal symptoms may pose lower blood pressure risk than pills
WASHINGTON (AP) — Women often use hormone therapy to relieve hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms, but new research shows patches and creams are safer for blood pressure than pills It has been suggested that it is possible.
During menopause, the levels of reproductive hormones produced by a woman’s body decrease, increasing the risk of heart disease. High blood pressure further increases the risk, but it is not clear whether there is an association with hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms.
Canadian researchers wondered if the method of hormone absorption (oral, vaginal, or through the skin) might play a role.
A team from the University of Calgary examined the health records of more than 112,000 women over the age of 45 who filled out prescriptions for at least six months of estrogen-only hormone therapy between 2008 and 2019. They tracked which women subsequently developed hypertension. At least 1 year after starting treatment.
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Women who took estrogen tablets had a 14% higher risk of developing high blood pressure than those who used skin patches or creams, researchers reported Monday, although there was no big difference. Oral estrogen entailed her 19% higher risk than intravaginal estrogen.
The results of this study were published in the journal Hypertension.
Hormone therapy has mixed risks and benefits and is not for everyone. Currently, it is prescribed not to prevent disease, but to relieve symptoms associated with menopause, usually using the lowest possible dose for the shortest period of time. The most commonly used is a combination tablet of estrogen and another hormone, progestin. (Estrogen-only tablets are usually prescribed to women without a uterus.)
Different versions of hormone therapy may work for different menopausal symptoms, but they were not addressed in this study.
But it provides an important clue to understanding the complex relationship between hormone therapy and blood pressure, said Garima Sharma, M.D., a female cardiologist at Inova Health System in Virginia and the American Heart Association.
Sharma wants more rigorous trials comparing different versions of the hormone. However, she pointed to the possibility of a biological explanation. Perhaps oral estrogen affects blood pressure-related enzymes during processing, whereas estrogen found in the skin and vagina has much more limited activity in the body.
Still, “these findings are highly clinically relevant,” Sharma said in an email, suggesting that monitoring blood pressure in women on oral hormone therapy is particularly important. .
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