Health
Scientists reveal SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immunity in patients with recovered COVID-19 and SARS
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T cells, along with antibodies, have the ability to directly target and kill infected cells and are an integral part of the human immune response to viral infections. A study in Singapore revealed the presence of virus-specific T cell immunity in people who recovered from COVID-19 and SARS, and in healthy study subjects who had never been infected with either virus.
A study by scientists at Duke NUS School of Medicine, in close collaboration with Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSM), Singapore General Hospital (SGH) and National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID) at National University of Singapore (NUS), was published in Nature. Findings suggest that infection and exposure to coronaviruses induce long-term memory T cells, which may help in the current pandemic management and vaccine development against COVID-19.
The team tested subjects who recovered from COVID-19 and found the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells in all of them. This suggests that T cells play an important role in this infection. Importantly, the team showed that patients who recovered from SARS 17 years after its outbreak in 2003 still possessed virus-specific memory T cells and showed cross immunity to SARS-CoV-2. It was
“Our team also tested healthy, uninfected individuals and found SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells in more than 50% of them, including those that cause common colds. , May be due to cross-reactive immunity resulting from exposure to other coronaviruses, or currently unknown animal coronaviruses, which may explain why some people may better control infections It’s important to understand,” said Professor Antonio Berletti of the Duke NUS Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Program, the author of the study.
A* STAR said, Associate Professor Tanyeju of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and co-Chief Researcher at the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology said, “We have also started a follow-up study on COVID. -19 Patient recovery. , Determines whether the immunity exhibited by T cells is long lasting. Vaccine development And to answer the question about reinfection. ”
“There’s been a lot of research on SARS-CoV-2, but there’s still a lot we don’t understand about viruses. Virus infection We also need to evaluate their role in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, which affects many people around the world. Hopefully, this discovery will bring us a step closer to creating an effective vaccine,” said SGH Infectious Diseases Senior Consultant, Associate Professor Jenny Law, and Duke NUS’s EID Program.
“NCID was encouraged by the great support we received from many previous SARS patients for this study. Their contributions 17 years after they were first infected were persistently sustained by viruses like SARS. Against COVID-19 and related viruses that helped us understand the immunity mechanism and its impact on the development of better vaccines.” Said Dr. Mark Chen Aichen, head of NCID lab.
The team will conduct a larger study of exposed uninfected subjects to see if T cells can protect against COVID-19 infection or alter the course of infection. They also have SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell..
Nina Rubert et al. SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell immunity in the case of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Nature (2020). DOI: 10.1038 / s41586-020-2550-z
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Duke NUS School of Medicine
Quote: Scientists clarified COVID-19’s SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell immunity, and SARS patients (July 16, 2020) will be starting July 16, 2020 https://medicalxpress.com/ retrieved from news/2020-07-scientists-uncover-sars-cov-specific-cell-immunity.html
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