Health
Researchers in Singapore discover antibodies that can neutralize coronavirus
Singapore (The Straits Times / ANN): Searching for antibodies that can neutralize coronavirus in Covid-19 patients is like finding a needle in a haystack, but Singapore researchers dominate.
They have discovered antibodies that bind to four key sites of coronavirus, a key element of the human immune system.
Upon binding to these sites, the antibody prevents the virus from hijacking or replicating in human cells.
These findings by scientists at the National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID) and the Science and Technology Agency (A * Star) were announced at a virtual press conference on Friday morning (July 17).
Their findings may pave the way for better diagnoses, such as identifying people who have recovered from an infection without symptoms or improving patient care.
It could also guide vaccine discovery and validate vaccine efficacy, the researchers said.
Professor Leo Yee Sin, NCID Executive Director, said Sars-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes Covid-19, is challenging the international scientific community with many unsolved problems.
However, the latest findings from the Singapore team shed light on the body’s defenses against the unknown key virus.
The findings may pave the way for better treatment and vaccine development, but researchers say more work is needed.
For example, one major unknown is the duration of antibody persistence in a recovered patient.
NCID will continue to monitor antibody levels in recovered patients for two years to better determine this.
Investigation result
The latest findings, published in two scientific journals, Nature Communications and The Lancet, are specific types of antibodies that can block the virus from initially hijacking human cells or from replicating within human cells. Mainly.
Collectively known as neutralizing antibodies, these antibodies are just one of the thousands of immune system “soldiers” that the body produces during infection.
This is because when an invading pathogen is detected, the body produces many different types of antibodies and cells to fight it. All of them play different roles in strengthening the defense against invaders.
Neutralizing antibodies are called so-called antibodies because they bind to certain important sites in the virus and prevent it from invading.
This includes, for example, the sites on the surface of the virus used to lock into human cells, as well as how the key fits in the lock.
The recruitment of antibodies to specific sites on the virus destroys their “shape”, which prevents the virus from latching into human cells.
The researchers said samples of blood, sputum, and stool were taken from more than 100 recovering Covid-19 patients.
Scientists then analyzed them in the laboratory using special equipment and reagents and identified them at the four specific binding sites of the virus (known to the scientists as epitopes S14P5, S21P2, S20P2 and N4P5). Gather and neutralize.
Professor Risang, a Principal Investigator at A* Star’s Singapore Immunology Network and a member of the team that made the latest discoveries, identified these specific targets for the virus to help Covid’s better diagnosis and treatment. It has been described as an important advance in development-19.
“We could use these targets against similar coronaviruses to combat the outbreaks of other viruses,” she added. -The Straits Times / Asian News Network
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