Health
Study: IL-7 May Help Severe COVID-19 Patients
Interleukin 7 (IL-7) immunotherapy given to a small group of severe COVID-19 patients was associated with a significant recovery in lymphocyte counts, a series of cases in Belgium point out.
Compared to the control group of 12 patients with severe COVID-19 with low lymphocyte counts who received IL-7 and received 13 routine treatments, the IL-7 group 30, who was associated with more than double lymphocyte levels, reported Dr. Pierre-Francois-Laterre of Medicine at Catholic de Louvain University in Brussels and colleagues.
Mortality was similar in both groups, but the IL-7 group had a lower rate of infection on day 30 compared to controls (50% vs 85% each), the authors wrote in a study letter. Was JAMA Network Open..
They pointed out that COVID-19, called the “continuous lymphocyte killer”, experienced lymphopenia in almost all severely ill patients, which was also associated with morbidity and mortality. The team added that CD4, CD8, and natural killer cells that play an important antiviral role are depleted at necropsy, leading to “immunolysis.”
“Clinical and pathological findings in COVID-19 patients indicate that immunosuppression is an important determinant of outcome,” the authors write, with 50% of patients having secondary hospital infections. It has occurred. “Immune competence is an important pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19.”
IL-7 is currently being evaluated in randomized trials for both neoplastic and infectious diseases, and researchers also found that Specially evaluated for COVID-19 In a UK randomized trial
It has previously been shown that therapy can restore lymphocyte counts, resulting in both “a reduction in viral load and clinical improvement of some life-threatening viral infections” and is well tolerated in patients with bacterial sepsis. It is highly relevant, said Laterre and co-authors.
Initial safety for patients with severe COVID-19 illness at a medical center in Brussels with severe lymphopenia and two consecutive absolute lymphocyte counts below 700/μL for inclusion in the study IL-7 at a dose of 3 μg/kg, followed by intramuscular injection of 10 μg/kg twice weekly for 2 weeks. The control group matched the IL-7 group based on disease severity, comorbidities, and “other factors.”
The average age of patients in the IL-7 group was 62 years, while the control group was slightly younger (59 years). In particular, 11 out of 12 in the IL-7 group and 9 out of 13 in the control group were male.
The researchers report that IL-7 is well tolerated without causing changes in temperature, blood pressure, or the PaO2:FiO2 ratio. Interestingly, they found that there was no consistent association between IL-7 administration and proinflammatory IL-6 levels.
IL-6 was decreased in 3 patients and increased in 2 patients, but “changes in concentration may have been due to more fundamental changes in patient physiological status than due to IL-7. “The 30-day mortality rate was similar in both IL-7 and the control group,” the researchers wrote (5 out of 12 and 6 out of 13).
The researchers said no studies on immune cell phenotype or function were done, suggesting that IL-7 could be safely administered to COVID-19 patients “without exacerbating inflammation or lung damage.” And COVID-19 patients with evidence of immunosuppression.
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Disclosure
Laterre did not reveal a conflict of interest. One co-author disclosed being a researcher in a sepsis study assessing interleukin 7 and support from the NIH.
RevImmune provided researchers with recombinant human interleukin 7.
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