Health
Canadian mouse study provides new insights into 'contagious' Alzheimer's disease
New lab-based study using mice published today in a scientific journal stem cell reportsuggests that some types of Alzheimer's disease may be transmitted through bone marrow transplants.
However, experts cautioned that the phenomenon was only observed in mice and the study's conclusions did not apply to people undergoing bone marrow transplants.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia in Canada took bone marrow cells from mice that carry a defective version of a gene associated with Alzheimer's disease, called the amyloid precursor protein gene (or APP), and found that they lacked this gene. transplanted into healthy mice. breakdown. Some of these recipient mice carried a “normal” version of the APP gene. Some mice were engineered to lack the gene entirely (so-called “APP knockout” mice).
After transplantation, mice in both groups developed Alzheimer's disease. This was identified by symptoms of cognitive decline and increased levels of amyloid, the signature protein of Alzheimer's disease, in the brain. Both groups developed symptoms several months earlier than the donor mice, which already had the defective APP gene.
“The fact that APP knockout patients showed significant behavioral differences and cognitive decline at six months was surprising, but only indicative of an accelerated disease pattern after transplantation. It was also interesting,” said lead author Charhat. Shin.
Dr Shena Scales, director of research at Alzheimer's Research UK, said these experiments were carried out on specially bred mice with a rare genetic mutation that accounts for “a very small minority of human Alzheimer's patients”. He emphasized that it was carried out in
While noting that animal studies provide valuable insight into the origin and progression of dementia-related diseases, Dr. Scales emphasized the need for further research to determine whether similar processes occur in humans. . “It's not clear whether this mechanism is relevant outside of laboratory experiments,” she says.
The transplanted cells used in this study were stem cells that could develop into blood cells or immune cells, but not nerve cells. As a result, the researchers speculated that this suggests that the accumulation of amyloid in the brain in Alzheimer's disease may be caused by the presence of amyloid outside the brain.
The researchers now plan to test whether other types of transplants can achieve the same results.
Early this year, UK-based research team They identified five extremely rare cases of contagious Alzheimer's disease in humans that appear to have been caused by treatment decades ago. Reviewing both studies, Dr. Scales stressed that there is “no evidence” that Alzheimer's disease can be caused by exposure to people with Alzheimer's disease or regular treatment.
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