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Viruses that paralyze children may return in autumn

 


August 5, 2020- New coronavirus It’s not the only virus to worry about this fall. Doctors ask parents to stay abreast of the signs of rare, but serious, conditions that can cause permanent paralysis and breathing problems in their children. Acute flaccid osteomyelitis, Or AFM.

Since 2014, AFM clusters have appeared every two years throughout the United States. The last outbreak in which at least 238 children became ill was in 2018. Doctors studying the spread of the disease are from August to November of this year.

“This means it cycles at the same time influenza CDC’s Dr. Robert Redfield at a news briefing on Tuesday said there could be other infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and another outbreak for clinicians, parents, and children to deal with. ..

AFM is associated with a family of viruses called enteroviruses, especially enteroviruses D68 and A71. Enterovirus D68 -Virus cousin Polio -Believed to be the cause of most cases in the US

The virus attacks and eventually damages the nerves in the anterior spinal cord that control arm and leg movements. In the 2018 case CDC study, more than 90% of patients who first received AFM heat And Cold symptoms About 6 days before they started to have headache, Muscle weakness, and possibly affected arm and leg pain.

“It often happens quickly,” says Kevin Messacar, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at the Colorado Children’s Hospital in Aurora, who treated many AFM cases.

“So the child wakes up in the morning and can’t move his arms or walk because of weakness in his legs. Parents have drooping faces, or soft voices, or drooling, or difficulty swallowing. You may notice some children who are vulnerable, all of which are signs that you will immediately take your child to the ER for evaluation,” he says.

Redfield said parents should be wary of signs of AFM and promptly seek emergency medical care for children who exhibit any of these signs. He said that parents should not be afraid to visit the emergency room Pandemic..

“AFM can make rapid progress,” he said. “And the patient gets paralyzed over hours or days, ventilator To help them breathe.”

There is no special treatment for AFM. Doctors help patients manage their symptoms on a case-by-case basis. Physical therapy is often prescribed to restore some of the children’s function, but most children will eventually experience permanent disabilities.

Why is AFM returning every two years? Certain viruses tend to circulate in the population, causing outbreaks when there are sufficient new susceptible hosts to attack. Young children are the most vulnerable to enteroviruses and AFM. Therefore, if there are enough new babies and infants who do not have immune protection against these viruses, this condition tends to recur. In the CDC study, the average patient was only 5 years old. Children are not the only ones at risk. The oldest patient in this study was 81 years old.

Experts stressed that providing information was important, but there was no reason to panic. AFM cases are extremely rare. Most children, after catching the enterovirus, do nothing except a cold. It also wears all the masks Avoid crowds What we do has side benefits. Along with COVID-19 is to prevent the AFM case.

“We don’t know how the measures taken to control the spread of COVID-19 affect AFM,” Messacar said.

“I don’t think anyone can predict what will happen this year, but we’re all prepared as much as possible in case the AFM case comes back,” he says.

Source

Robert Redfield, MD, Director, CDC, Atlanta.

Kevin Messacar, MD, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialist, Colorado Children’s Hospital, Aurora.

Weekly Report of Morbidity and Mortality, August 4, 2020.


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