Health
Is tattoo ink bad for you? Research into bacteria and additives
Recent studies, including one published Tuesday, have found that some tattoo inks contain potentially harmful levels of bacteria and some contain additives that aren't listed on the label — a growing problem as more Americans get tattooed.
The bacterial study, the first of its kind, was conducted by scientists from the federal Food and Drug Administration, which has acknowledged that it has failed to regulate the industry for many years, despite having the authority to do so.
The FDA team found 26 contaminated samples out of 75 tattoo and permanent cosmetic ink samples they analyzed, they said in an abstract of the study published in the journal Nature. Applied Environmental Microbiology.
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Tattoo artists have long maintained that health and safety is a particular focus because of the nature of their work, which involves piercing skin with needles and depositing ink into the top layer of skin. Skin infections and allergic reactions are possible, but tattoo artists are regulated by New Jersey's local health department and must undergo bloodborne pathogen training before they can begin work.
A representative for the League of Professional Tattoo Artists said he couldn't respond to the survey results Tuesday because all of the board's members are volunteers.
One-third of American adults have at least one tattoo.
Once a favorite of sailors, soldiers, and outsiders, tattoos have exploded in America over the past two decades, becoming commonplace among soccer moms, politicians, and corporate executives: About 32% of adult Americans have at least one tattoo. According to a 2023 survey According to the Pew Research Center.
The Food and Drug Administration considers tattoo ink to be a “cosmetic” product and will not regulate it unless complaints are filed. The FDA It “exercised regulatory authority” over color additives used in tattoo inks, citing “other competing public health priorities and the lack of evidence of safety issues to date.”
According to the FDA, contaminated ink has led to outbreaks of infections that led to recalls in 2004, 2012 and 2017. The 2017 outbreak was caused by microbial contamination found in lots of one ink brand.
Additives not listed in tattoo ink
Another study A study published in March found that 45 of 54 tattoo inks tested contained unlisted additives, such as polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and higher alkanes, that could cause allergic reactions and other health risks. Researchers from Binghamton University in New York, who published the study in the journal Analytical Chemistry, said the study shows the need for more accurate labeling of tattoo inks in the United States.
A bacterial study published Tuesday found contaminants in both unopened and sealed tattoo inks, suggesting that the products themselves could be a source of bacterial infections after the procedure. The samples contained both bacteria that can survive in the presence of oxygen and those that cannot.
Of the 34 bacterial isolates the team found, 19 were strains that could potentially cause infection.
“These results underscore the importance of monitoring these products,” the FDA team wrote.
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