Health
Six species of ticks found in Indiana can carry disease. What you need to know
In south-central Indiana, those little dark spots on your arms and legs might not be moles or freckles — they could be disease-carrying, disease-causing ticks. People who spend time outdoors or have pets across the Hoosier State are likely coming into contact with more ticks than they realize this spring and summer.
“The number of larval black-legged mites is still very high in June,” said Lee Green, a senior medical entomologist at the institute. Indiana State Department of HealthBlack-legged ticks Lyme diseaseTick ​​larvae are hard to spot because they're so tiny, but they transmit the most diseases to humans, Green said.
What tick species spread disease in Indiana?
Indiana has six Ticks that spread illness and disease to peopleEach one carries multiple pathogens that can spread.
- of American Dog Tick It spreads Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia.
- of Black-legged tick They spread Lyme disease, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and Powassan virus.
- of Brown dog ticks Spreading Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
- of Gulf Coast Tick It spreads Rickettsia parkeri, but no cases have been reported in Indiana.
- of Lone Star Tick They transmit ehrlichiosis, tularemia, Heartland virus, Bourbon virus, and southern tick-associated exanthema. Alpha-gal syndromea syndrome involving an allergic reaction to red meat and products of mammalian origin that can cause severe reactions without prior warning.
- of Asian Longhorn Beetle This is a new invasive species that has been found in four southern Indiana counties. Although this species has not yet been reported to transmit disease to humans, it is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Heartland virus, and Powassan virus.
Symptoms of illness caused by tick bites range from fever and headache to neurological and gastrointestinal disorders. Lyme disease is the most commonly reported tick-borne illness in both Indiana and the United States. Most people infected with Lyme disease develop a “bull's eye” rash, along with fever, chills and fatigue. If left untreated, Lyme disease can spread to the joints, heart and nervous system.
Newly discovered Asian flathead tick poses threat to livestock in Indiana
Asian longhorn mites are a big problem for livestock, and the mites seem to prefer livestock over humans. Female mites can reproduce without males and lay around 6,000 eggs at a time. When enough mites attach themselves to cows or other livestock, they can suffocate them to death. “They can literally suck the blood out of the cow,” Green says. “It's a really bad situation.”
So far, Asian flathead ticks have only been found in Indiana's Spencer, De Bois, Switzerland and Ohio counties. Green said officials are closely monitoring the ticks because they can be spread by many animals, including deer, birds and livestock such as pigs, chickens, sheep, goats and cows.
What kind of ticks are currently in Monroe County?
Cody Clark, an environmental health specialist, Monroe County Health DepartmentClark began “collecting” ticks in May at Flatwoods Park, Jackson Creek Park, Karst Farm Park, Riddle Point Park, Switchyard Park and Griffey Lake Nature Preserve. Using a white cloth he dragged along the ground, he walked about 4,860 meters (about 5,315 yards) and collected 178 ticks. It took him seven to 10 hours at each location, Clark said, adding that he received training from the Indiana State Department of Health last year.
He used Dragcross for the first time in May of this year. Here's what he discovered:
- Lone Star Tick Adult Female – 25
- Lone Star Tick Adult Male – 18
- Lone Star Tick Nymph – 122
- American Dog Tick Adult Female – 5
- American Dog Tick Adult Male – 6
- Black legged tick larvae – 1
- Ixodes dentatus larvae (rarely infesting humans and of no public health importance) – 1
Clark plans to do the same this fall, saying some ticks remain active into the winter in Indiana as long as temperatures stay above freezing.
Preventing tick bites starts before you even go outside
Preventing tick infestations and bites starts before you even go outdoors. The state health department's website offers these suggestions:
- Know where ticks may be found, including grass, shrubs, wooded areas and even your yard and neighborhood.
- Apply 0.5% permethrin to clothing and outdoor gear. Permethrin is an insecticide It is used to kill lice as well as mites. The most effective prevention is to spray permethrin on clothes that are hung outside and allow the agent to dry. Permethrin should not be applied directly to the skin.
- Use EPA-registered insect repellents containing DEET, Picaridin, IR3535, Lemon Eucalyptus Oil, Paramethandiol, or 2-Undecanone. Always follow product directions. Caution: Do not use insect repellents on infants under 2 months of age, and do not use Lemon Eucalyptus Oil or Paramethandiol on children under 3 years of age.
- Reduce the amount of exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, hats, socks, and shoes that cover your feet. Tucking in your shirt and pants into your socks can also help.
When you're outdoors, it's best to stay away from grass and bushes, walk in the middle of the path, and reapply insect repellent. Also, wearing light-colored clothing makes it easier to spot ticks crawling up your trousers or the back of your shirt.
Once you're back indoors, the best way to make sure you don't have any ticks on you is to put all your clothes in the dryer for 20 minutes, take a shower and check yourself afterwards. Don't forget to check any pets or equipment you left outside.
What to do if you find a tick
According to the state health department's website, if you find a tick, it's best to remove it using tweezers or a tick removal tool to grasp the tick as close to the skin as possible. To remove the tick quickly, it's best to apply steady, even pressure rather than pulling upwards. Wash the area with soap and water or alcohol.
Once you have removed the tick, soak it in alcohol and place it in a sealable bag or container, then wrap it tightly with tape. You can flush it down the toilet, but it's a good idea to keep it so you can identify the tick in case you have a reaction.
If you develop a rash or fever within a few weeks, see your health care provider and be sure to tell them you had a tick bite.
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Sources 2/ https://www.farmersadvance.com/story/news/2024/07/10/these-6-ticks-found-in-indiana-can-make-you-sick-what-you-need-to-know/74353610007/ The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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