Health
Chandipura virus outbreak in Gujarat: All about the deadly infectious disease
Six children are suspected to have died from the Chandipura virus in the past five days in Gujarat's Alabari district, taking the total number of suspected cases to 12.
“Five of the six deaths were reported from the civil hospital in Himmatnagar, Sabarkantha district. All the 12 samples, including eight from Sabarkantha, have been sent to the National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, for confirmation,” it said. Gujarat Health Minister Rushikesh Patel Said.
What is Chandipura Virus?
Chandipura virus, also known as Chandipura vesiculovirus (CHPV), is an RNA virus that belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, which also includes the rabies virus.
It was first identified in 1965 in the village of Chandipura in Maharashtra.
The virus primarily affects children and has been linked to outbreaks of acute encephalitis in India.
“The disease is caused by the bite of vector-borne sandflies and mainly affects children between nine months and 14 years of age. It is more prevalent in rural areas. The main symptoms are fever, vomiting, diarrhoea and headache,” Patel added.
Chandipura virus is a serious pathogen with rapid onset of severe symptoms that mainly affects children in certain areas. However, the disease is not contagious.
As there is no specific antiviral treatment, early diagnosis and supportive care are important.
Preventive measures focused on controlling sandfly populations and minimizing human exposure remain the primary strategy for managing infection risk.
Symptoms of Chandipura virus infection
Symptoms of Chandipura virus infection can progress quickly and include:
- Fever: Sudden high fever.
- Headaches: Severe headaches are common.
- Vomiting: Frequent vomiting may occur.
- Seizures: Seizures or convulsions are a prominent symptom.
- Mental status changes: confusion, irritability, altered consciousness.
- Coma: In severe cases, the infection can lead to coma and death.
How does it spread?
Chandipura virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected sandflies (genus Phlebotomus). The exact mechanism of infection is not fully understood.
Vector transmission: The main route of infection is through the bite of sandflies.
Animal Reservoirs: Certain animal species may act as reservoirs for the virus, but this is still under investigation.
Environmental factors: The outbreak is believed to be associated with certain environmental conditions that are favourable for sandfly reproduction.
process
There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for Chandipura virus infection. Treatment is primarily supportive to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
- Hospitalization: Patients with severe symptoms, especially children, often require hospitalization.
- Hydration: Proper hydration is important, especially if vomiting is severe.
- Antipyretic: medicine to reduce fever.
- Anticonvulsants: Used to manage seizures.
- Intensive care: In severe neurological cases, intensive care may be required to manage respiratory and neurological complications.
Precautions
Preventive measures focus on controlling sandfly populations and minimizing human exposure.
- Insect repellents: Using insect repellents can reduce the risk of being bitten by sandflies.
- Protective clothing: Wear long sleeved clothing and use mosquito nets to prevent bites.
- Environmental Management: Reduce sandfly habitat through environmental management and insecticide spraying.
- Public Health Awareness: Educate communities in affected areas about the risks and preventive measures of Chandipura virus.
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Sources 2/ https://www.indiatoday.in/health/story/chandipura-virus-outbreak-gujarat-symptoms-causes-prevention-treatment-the-deadly-infection-2567916-2024-07-17 The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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