Health
New shingles vaccine may slow dementia progression, study suggests
Shingles vaccination may also delay dementia diagnosis – Journal study Nature Medicine It suggests.
The study builds on previous suggestions that the shingles vaccination may have an unexpected benefit.
The researchers compared nearly 100,000 people who had recently received the shingles vaccination with a similar group who had received it previously.
On average, people who received the new vaccine went on to spend 164 more days free of dementia diagnoses over a six-year period, though scientists say more research is needed to prove the link.
Shingles is a serious, painful illness that is more common among older adults.
It is caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox.
The shingles vaccine was introduced in many countries about 18 years ago.
Since then, there is growing evidence that vaccination can help prevent dementia, but the evidence is not conclusive.
In the study, researchers from the University of Oxford compared the health records of Americans who got the older Zostavax vaccine with those who got a newer vaccine called Shingrix, which is being increasingly used in the UK.
Although roughly the same number of people developed dementia by the end of the study, the researchers found that over the six-year period, on average:
- People who received Shingrix went 17% longer without being diagnosed with dementia than those who received the older vaccine.
- The benefits for women were great
Study author Prof Paul Harrison said: “Even if it's a delay of 164 days at a public health level, it would not be a trivial finding.”
“This is a big enough effect that [the link is proved] We feel that it is meaningful to us.”
Dr Shauna Scales, from the charity Alzheimer's Research UK, said it was “vital” that new ways of reducing people's risk were found.
She added: “This large population study suggests that people who receive the Shingrix zoster vaccine may have a reduced risk of dementia.”
“However, it is not clear how the vaccine reduces the risk, and whether the vaccine directly reduces the risk of dementia or whether other factors are involved.”
Other factors that have been found to be clearly associated with an increased risk of dementia include smoking, high blood pressure and excessive alcohol consumption, she added.
Prof Harrison said the study raised a number of questions that urgently needed to be addressed.
“One possibility is that the herpes virus is one of many factors that promote dementia,” he said.
“So a vaccine that blocks viral reactivation could potentially slow whatever process is causing dementia in the coming years.”
Another possibility is that components of the vaccine designed to help the body mount a protective response could play a role, he added.
In the UK, Free Shingles Vaccine The vaccine is available to people who have turned 65, those between the ages of 70 and 79, and those aged 50 and over whose immune systems are severely weakened.
The traditional shingles vaccine has now been replaced by Shingrix.
Shingrix is manufactured by pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).
The company was not involved in the research, but one of the scientists working on it is conducting separate research with GSK.
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