Health
Yes, bats carry diseases, and yes, they make us healthier
Without vultures to efficiently scavenge carrion, rotting animals contaminated water sources and stray dogs and rats proliferated. As vulture populations declined, orders for rabies vaccines increased.
Meanwhile, a study in Wisconsin found that ecosystem restoration can benefit humans: Wolves, which were nearly extinct by the mid-20th century, may help reduce deer-vehicle collisions by driving prey off roads. As wolf populations returned to the state, traffic accidents involving deer decreased, but other types of car accidents did not.
These natural experiments offer a rare glimpse into the tangible benefits that keystone species – species that have a disproportionate impact on their environment – can bring to us.
But the link also holds on a global scale: A massive analysis of nearly 1,000 scientific studies published in the journal Nature found that biodiversity loss is the biggest cause of infectious disease outbreaks, followed by climate change and invasive species.
It is not hard to imagine how biodiversity loss, especially in combination with other global changes, could have hugely negative effects on our health: the climate crisis creates the conditions for virus-spreading mosquitoes to thrive, but imagine how much worse the problem would be without healthy populations of the birds, bats, frogs, fish and spiders that feed on them.
But science has yet to catch up in providing empirical evidence about the societal costs of biodiversity loss, Frank told me. Part of the problem is that, unlike climate science, biodiversity hasn't benefited from high-quality global measurements spanning decades, or even centuries. Ecosystems around the world function in complex and unique ways, making it impossible to lump biodiversity together on a single comparative basis.
An approach called “One Health,” which recognizes that the health of humans, animals, plants and ecosystems is interdependent, is gaining popularity among governments, research institutes and international organizations.
But the approach can't be used properly unless questions are answered with rigorous science. As the Nature study authors point out, there's been little research on interventions to ameliorate the effects of factors like biodiversity loss on disease. For example, can ecosystem restoration be used as a tool to manage health conditions?
Although the WNS epidemic has been devastating for several bat species in the United States, it has also taught us a very important lesson: protecting, monitoring, and studying nature is essential to human health.
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Sources 2/ https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/yes-bats-carry-disease-they-also-make-us-healthier-3192382 The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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