Health
Large Oxford University study suggests best treatment for migraines
A large new study suggests that a class of drugs called triptans are the most effective medications for adults who suffer from acute migraines.
The study, led by Oxford University, involved more than 89,000 people.
A comparison of the effectiveness of 17 oral medications commonly used to treat migraines Published in the British Medical Journal.
The study's lead author said the four triptans found to be most effective – eletriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan and zolmitriptan – had efficacy “comparable to paracetamol”.
Triptans are a group of drugs that are often used as an alternative when painkillers do not relieve pain.
These mimic the effects of the brain chemical serotonin, soothing overactive pain nerves.
Comparing the drugs, the researchers found that eletriptan was the most effective at relieving pain after two hours, followed by rizatriptan, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan.
Eletriptan and ibuprofen were the most effective at relieving pain for up to 24 hours.
“We found that all licensed drugs are more effective than placebo, but some are more effective than other drugs available for the acute treatment of migraine, which is new,” said Andrea Cipriani, lead author of the study and professor of psychiatry at the University of Oxford.
He said triptans are currently “widely underused” and should be considered as a preferred treatment.
“Our findings pave the way towards precision medicine in clinical practice and should inform future guidelines for the treatment of acute migraine, helping to ensure patients receive the best possible treatment,” he added.
The Migraine Foundation estimates that around 10 million people in the UK are living with the neurological condition.
Symptoms include severe headaches, sensitivity to light, visual disturbances, nausea and vomiting.
“While triptans are very effective for some migraine sufferers, there are many for whom triptans do not work,” said Robert Musick, chief executive of the Migraine Foundation.
“Some people, such as those with cardiovascular disease, experience intolerable side effects or cannot take the drugs. Frequent use of triptans can also cause medication overuse headaches, making the problem worse.”
The research was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre and the Lundbeck Foundation.
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