Health
New treatment offers hope for T-cell leukemia that is ineffective against conventional treatments
Out of options in Australia, the couple were referred by a haematologist at St Vincent's Hospital in Sydney to the Yong Lu Lin Faculty of Medicine at the National University of Singapore (NUS Medicine) and the National University Health System (NUHS).
They flew to Singapore in October 2023, where Mrs Thomas was tested for CD7 CAR T-cell therapy.
The treatment was developed by researchers and clinicians at NUS Medicine and NUHS and was tested between 2019 and 2023 on 17 patients, 12 at NUH and 5 in Rome, Italy. It took place at the Children's Hospital Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu.
Professor Allen Yeoh, who led the clinical application, said: “All 17 patients had failed three or more treatments (each combining a number of chemotherapeutic drugs); In most cases, even bone marrow transplants had failed.” of this new technology.
First, T cells were collected from the patient. In the lab, the harvested T cells were expanded and an artificial gene known as an anti-CD7 CAR was inserted. The modified cells are then reinjected into the patient, where anti-CD7 CAR T cells go to work, recognizing and destroying leukemia cells that have the protein (CD7) on their surface, Professor Yeo said.
This anti-CD7 CAR technology was developed by Professor Dario Campana from the Department of Pediatrics at NUS Medicine. This invention won the Singapore Presidential Technology Award in 2020.
Sixteen of the 17 patients, including Mrs. Thomas, achieved complete remission within one month of treatment. Using a flow cytometry test, which can detect one leukemia cell out of 10,000 normal cells, no leukemia cells were detected in the patient.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (abbreviated as ALL) accounts for approximately 30% of all newly diagnosed childhood cancers in Singapore. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a rarer form of cancer.
Studies conducted in Malaysia and Singapore estimate that 85 percent of children and 60 percent of adults with newly diagnosed T-ALL go into remission after chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation.
Dr Bernice Oh, lead author of the study and consultant in pediatric hematology-oncology at the Department of Pediatrics, said there are about five new cases of T-ALL diagnosed annually in Singapore, both in adults and children. Puat – National University Children’s Medical Research Institute (KTP-NUCMI).
Professor Yeoh is also the Head and Senior Consultant of the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at the Department of Pediatrics, KTP-NUCMI and the National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS).
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