Genetic insights into reproductive health and longevity

The review, led by researchers from Oxford University's Leverhulme Center for Population Science and the University of Iceland, examines how genetic variation can explain differences in reproductive health and longevity.

This study provides the most comprehensive review to date of male and female genetic discoveries regarding reproductive traits and provides new insights into how our DNA influences when we have children. Provide. timing of menopauseand even how it relates to our lifespan.

Genes central to reproduction

Researchers used the GWAS Catalog, an online database of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to identify 159 genetic studies and 37 important The gene was identified. Hormones (FSH) and Testosterone. These findings suggest that genetic factors not only influence fertility, but also play an important role in broader health conditions.

In particular, one gene ASF (follicle-stimulating hormone subunit beta) was found to be associated with 11 different reproductive outcomes. This gene helps regulate the onset of menstruation and menopause, highlighting its role in reproductive health and aging. This review also uncovers connections between these reproductive genes and rare genetic diseases, showing how DNA influences both fertility and overall health.

As more people delay parenthood, it is important to understand the genetic factors that underpin an individual's reproductive health and fertility. Our research brings together research on the genetics of reproduction and extends beyond fertility, which is inherently linked to health, body mass index (BMI) and obesity, hormone-sensitive cancers, and even mental and behavioral traits. Uncover common genes and insights across traits. ”

Professor Melinda Mills, Senior First Author, Director of the Population Science Unit at Leverhulme Population Science Center and Oxford Population Health

Dr. Stefania Benonisdóttir, lead author and postdoctoral researcher at the Leverhulm Center for Population Sciences at the University of Iceland, said: “By combining this research, we will be able to expand our understanding of how genetic factors shape reproductive health. “It can provide a clearer picture.” This is essential for medical advances, especially when it comes to infertility and reproductive aging. ”

Longevity, cancer, obesity risk, reproductive characteristics

In this review, we investigated the relationship between reproductive genes and longevity and found that the following genes exist: ESR1 (estrogen receptor 1) is associated with reproductive characteristics and cancer risk. For example, early onset of puberty or later menopause may increase the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast cancer, while these same characteristics are associated with longer lifespans. The FTO (fat mass and obesity-related) gene was previously found to be strongly associated with BMI, obesity risk, and type 2 diabetes, but was also associated with several different reproductive traits. Understanding these genetic relationships is critical as more people choose to delay childbearing and as reproductive health and aging become more intertwined.

male fertility

While previous research has focused on women's reproductive health, this study reexamines what is known about the genetics of male fertility. something like a gene DNAH2 It has been shown to play a role in both testosterone levels and sperm function, making it important for male reproductive health.

Co-author Vincent Straub, a DPhil student at the Leverhulme Center for Population Science and Oxford Population Health, said: “Male reproductive health is critical to overall fertility, but is often understudied.” said. Investigating the genetics of male infertility can reveal new insights and potential treatments for people suffering from reproductive problems. ”

Genetics across generations

This review investigated how genetic changes affect future generations. Accumulates as parents get older Also Mutation – A new naturally occurring genetic change that can be passed on to children. Senior co-author Professor Augustine Kong previously discovered that these mutations can have a significant impact on the health and development of the offspring.

This comprehensive review provides important insights into how our genes shape reproductive health, fertility, and longevity, providing a more personalized approach that can improve individual and family outcomes across generations. provides the foundation for a standardized medical approach.