Health
High humidity can extend the life of aerosol droplets containing viruses. Science news
WASHINGTON: Humidity can extend airborne life of medium-sized virus-borne droplets by a factor of 23, maintaining physical distance significantly improves spread of COVID-19 Have been suggested.
The new coronavirus that causes COVID-19 is thought to spread through natural respiratory activities such as breathing, talking, and coughing, but little is known about how the virus is transported in the air.
This study, published in the Physics of Fluids magazine, analyzed how air and fluid streams affect exhaled droplets that may contain viruses.
A model developed by researchers at the University of Missouri, USA, contains a more accurate description of turbulence that affects the trajectory of exhaled droplets.
“If the amount of virus associated with water droplets is proportional to volume, nearly 70% of the virus accumulates on the ground during a cough,” said study author Bing Wang Wan.
“Maintaining a physical distance will significantly reduce the spread of this disease by reducing the deposition of droplets on people and reducing the potential for aerosols to be inhaled near the source of infection.” Mr Wang said.
According to researchers, the droplets emitted by normal human breath range in size from about 1/10 micron to 1,000 microns.
For comparison, human hair is about 70 microns in diameter, while typical coronavirus particles are less than a tenth of a micron.
The team noted that the most common exhaled droplets are approximately 50-100 microns in diameter.
Researchers say that water droplets exhaled by infected people contain not only virus particles, but other substances such as water, lipids, proteins, and salts.
Their work considered not only the transport of droplets in the air, but also the interaction with the surrounding environment, especially by evaporation.
The researchers used the improved description of turbulence to explain the natural variability of the air flow around an ejected droplet.
They were able to compare the results with other modeling studies and data for particles of the same size as exhaled droplets.
The model was in good agreement with the data for 87 micron diameter corn pollen and was about the same size as most exhaled droplets.
Researchers have found that humidity affects the fate of exhaled droplets because dry air can accelerate spontaneous evaporation.
Simulations have shown that in the case of 100% relative humidity air, a large droplet of 100 microns in diameter drops to the ground approximately 6 feet from the source of exhalation.
Researchers say small droplets of 50 microns in diameter can travel up to 5 meters (about 16 feet) in very humid air, and low-humidity air can slow diffusion. I am adding.
At 50 percent relative humidity, they said a 50 micron droplet did not move more than 3.5 meters.
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