Health
MassBiologics discovers antibodies that can fight coronavirus
Antibody research is one of the keys to understanding the coronavirus and is essential for vaccine development. Researchers have recently come across certain antibodies that may protect the respiratory system against COVID-19.
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Researcher at the University of Massachusetts School of Medicine MassBiologics, Vaccine developer and manufacturer, recently published study in journal Natural communication.. Their paper analyzes how effective an effective monoclonal antibody called sIgA is in protecting the respiratory system from the virus, and its possible use as a component of future vaccines.
Dr. Yang Wan and his team cross-react Human monoclonal antibody (MAB) blocks the ACE2 receptor from binding to coronavirus spike proteins, preventing or limiting the spread of infection. This all occurs in the respiratory tract where COVID-19 infection first begins.
ACE2 receptor A protein on the surface of some cell types that acts as an enzyme that produces small proteins and regulates cell function. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein attaches to the ACE2 receptor and rapidly spreads viral infections.
SARS antibody
The MassBiologics team was one of the earliest to respond to a pandemic by studying ways to prevent and treat coronaviruses. Their current study returns to the development of an IgG monoclonal antibody that was effective against Severe acute respiratory syndrome, The first SARS virus almost 16 years ago.
Old SARS program revived by freezing and thawing Hybridoma cells It was developed several years ago by the company and is expected to work with a second SARS virus that has 90% similarity to the first. However, IgG monoclonal antibody does not bind to SARS-Cov-2.
They then referred to another research program involving secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies, a key part of the immune system. Previously, sIgA was evaluated as a treatment for gastrointestinal infections. A similar approach worked in the respiratory tract, because an antibody called MAb362 neutralized the spread of coronavirus infection.
Also read: Genome sequencing reveals that the Auckland outbreak is a single cluster-except one case
IgA antibody
Dr. Mark Kremner says, “We find that antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are more effective at binding and neutralizing the virus when compared to normal circulating IgG antibodies when they are with antibodies of the sIgA isotype. I was excited.” The sIgA antibody naturally coats mucosal surfaces such as the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, “and is stabilized by the mucosal layers on these surfaces,” Klempner explained. The antibody then works by “preventing pathogens from binding to host cells and preventing infection.”
MassBiologics worked with Dr. Celia Schiffer, Chair of Gladys Smith Martin of Oncology, Director of the Drug Resistance Institute and Shurong Hou. They found that MAb362 is similar to another antibody called MAb 80R that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by blocking the binding of the S protein to the hACE2 receptor.
“Thus, our search, initiated during the coffee break conversation, yielded unique IgA antibodies that could be administered directly through mucosal administration, and with other therapeutic agents for direct mucosal protection by systemic administration. It could be used in combination,” said Dr Klempner.
Also read: COVID-19: Necropsy reveals thrombus due to kidney and lung damage
Check out other news and information Coronavirus Science Times.
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