Health
Losses are deeper encoded in the brain than wins, letting humans avoid risk: a study
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(K Sunil Prasad / BCCL, Bangalore)
Are we too cautious or underestimate the associated risks when faced with uncertainty and stressful situations? There is no easy balance between desired profits and potential losses. Still, our brain does it regularly throughout our lives.
New research by Israeli researchers is now revealing how the brain plays it safely in stressful conflicts. Studies show that survival mechanisms are activated in our brain during stressful conflicts due to memory of uncertainty and loss of prestress.
The findings have widespread implications, including helping to understand the neural mechanisms of psychological disorders characterized by increased or decreased avoidance. The researchers applied the new study to the future treatment of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or conditions associated with excessive risks such as addiction and mania. The law is included.
“For the rest of our life, we learn to balance the fear of loss with the pursuit of profit, and, based on our previous experience, we learn the rational risks to take in relation to profit. These 2 The balance of the two trends is a personality trait, but it is also affected by stress (like the current pandemic).Disorders of this trait increase susceptibility to stress, such as a tendency to risk or excessive avoidance. It can cause maladaptive behaviour,” explains Talma Hendler. -Research author, statement.
In their study, researchers at Tel Aviv University (TAU) and Tel Aviv Souraski Medical Center identified areas of the brain responsible for responding to risks and opportunities. It has been found that the human brain is affected by prior experiences of failure and punishment, rather than a positive experience of success and reward. This characteristic facilitates future risk aversion.
This study was conducted between epileptic patients by inserting electrodes into the brain to remove areas of the brain prior to surgery, causing seizures. Patients were asked to play a computer game that included risks and opportunities, while researchers documented the electrical activity of nerve cells with high accuracy immediately after winning or losing a game risk.
In this study, we found that neurons in the inner region of the prefrontal cortex responded much more to loss than to gain. The researchers concluded that avoidance of risk-taking in the player’s next move was caused by anxiety and post-loss activity in the hippocampal area associated with learning and memory. In simple words, losses are encoded in deeper memory, and participants operating in stressful, high-risk situations prefer to be cautious and avoid winning coins.
On the other hand, it was found that the winner’s experience was not encoded in memory in such a way as to influence future action choices in uncertain situations. What’s interesting is that this phenomenon is only found when the subject is one that affects the outcome of the game, and only when there is a high risk of the next move that may be associated with anxiety. ..
“Our study shows how experiences of failure or loss when the human brain is our responsibility, and that this tendency leads to avoidance behavior under particularly stressful uncertainties. It’s the first time to show how it can be created,” concludes Professor Hendler.
Research published in journal Natural communication Can access here..
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