Health
UN states new polio outbreak in Sudan caused by oral vaccine
LONDON — The World Health Organization says the new polio outbreak in Sudan is associated with an epidemic caused by an ongoing vaccine in Chad — UN Health Organization declares African continent free of wild poliovirus A week later.
WHO said in a statement this week that two children in Sudan, one from the province of South Darfur and the other from the province of Gedharif near the border between Ethiopia and Eritrea, were paralyzed in March and April. It was Both were recently vaccinated against polio. According to the WHO, early outbreak studies show that it is associated with an ongoing vaccine-derived outbreak in Chad, which was first detected last year and is now widespread in Chad and Cameroon.
“There is a regional circulation in Sudan and continued sharing of infections with Chad,” the UN agency said, adding that gene sequencing has confirmed a large number of introductions of the virus from Chad to Sudan.
The WHO said an additional 11 polio cases from the vaccine were discovered in Sudan and the virus was also identified in environmental samples. All confirmed polio patients usually have more unreported cases. Infectious diseases spread rapidly into contaminated water, most often affecting children under the age of five.
Rarely, a live poliovirus in an oral vaccine can mutate, causing a new outbreak.
Last week, WHO and partners declared the absence of wild poliovirus on the continent and called it an “incredible emotional day.”
On Monday, the WHO warned that vaccine-derived polio was “high” in risk of spreading to central Africa and the corners of Africa, referring to massive regional migration.
More than twelve African countries, including Angola, Congo, Nigeria, and Zambia, are currently fighting virus-induced outbreaks of polio.
In the coronavirus outbreak, many of the large-scale vaccination campaigns needed to eradicate polio have been disrupted in Africa and other countries, leaving millions of children vulnerable.
In April, WHO and its partners reluctantly recommended a temporary suspension of the polio vaccination campaign, recognizing that the move could lead to the recurrence of the disease. In May, they reported that 46 campaigns for vaccination of children against polio were suspended in 38 countries, primarily in Africa, due to a coronavirus pandemic.
Although some campaigns have recently been reopened, health workers need to vaccinate more than 90% of their children to eradicate paralytic disease.
Health officials initially aimed to eradicate polio by 2000, but the deadline was repeatedly pushed back and missed. Wild polio continues to be prevalent in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The two countries are also struggling to prevent an outbreak of vaccine-derived polio.
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