Health
Alpaca’s blood unleashes new clues in fighting COVID-19
The Toronto-Alpaca bloodstream may seem like an unlikely place to look for COVID-19 treatments, but Swedish researchers have found that their unusual approach suggests that coronaviruses can cause coronaviruses in human cells. He says he discovered a tiny antibody with the ability to block entry.
Investigation result, Published in the journal Nature Communications on Friday, It comes after a few months of research on a German 12-year-old alpaca named Tyson.
In February, researchers at the Karolinska Institute at the University of Medicine in Solna, Sweden, injected Tyson with a spike protein of coronavirus, and when an immune response was detected, an animal-rich blood sample was taken from the animal. I collected it.
Alpaca and other members of the camelid family have long been used in viral research because they naturally produce Nanobodies, small fragments of antibodies that can be adapted to humans. Researchers have looked to llamas and alpacas in the past when studying HIV, SARS, and MERS.
These Nanobodies can penetrate inaccessible areas of spike proteins. This allows viruses such as the new coronavirus to enter and infect human cells.
Camelid Nanobodies can also be produced in sharks and have been shown to block viral proteins more effectively than larger human antibodies.
After several months of research, Swedish researchers have discovered what they wanted. By attaching to certain parts of the viral proteins that prevent the virus from slipping into the cell, it prevents the Nanobody infection, which “neutralizes the virus efficiently.” “
In honor of Tyson, they dubbed the Nanobody Ty1.
“Our results show that Ty1 binds strongly to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and can neutralize the virus. There is no detectable off-target activity,” co-author of the magazine. Ben Marrell said.
The next step is for researchers to start preclinical animal studies to investigate the therapeutic potential of Nanobodies. They hope that ultimately Ty1 could be used as a treatment against the virus rather than a vaccine.
“We hope our findings can help improve the COVID-19 pandemic by encouraging further testing of this Nanobody as a therapeutic candidate for this viral infection,” the corresponding author Gerald McInerney said in a statement. I will.
Individual research on a llama named Winter Living in the Belgian countryside also offers interesting insights. In May, researchers investigating the winter response to coronaviruses announced preliminary findings that they were able to create new antibodies. The new antibody was able to bind tightly to spike proteins on the surface of the new coronavirus, preventing infection of cells in culture.
However, some researchers have questioned Alpaca and Lama research. Earlier this year, Brian Richiti, a virologist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, told CTVNews.ca that the Nanobody in question blocked only one “point of entry” of the virus, not the other receptors. I said.
Lichty added that he needed a “cocktail” of different antibodies that could bind to several different places on the spike protein and prevent it from entering human cells.
Jackie Dunham’s file from CTVNews.ca
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