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Hormone therapy is an option to treat breast cancer | Health
Hormone therapy is one of many types of treatment used in the fight against breast cancer. Hormone therapy helps treat breast cancer that is affected by hormones such as progesterone and estrogen. In such cancers, breast cancer cells have receptor proteins that attach to estrogen and progesterone to help the cancer cells grow. Hormone therapy, also known as endocrine therapy, helps prevent hormones from attaching to their receptors. Treatment can also reduce the body’s production of certain hormones.
According to the Mayo Clinic, hormone therapy is only used for breast cancer that is known to have receptors for estrogen or progesterone. Doctors call these types of cancers estrogen receptor positive (ER positive) or progesterone receptor positive (PR positive). Doctors who specialize in the analysis of blood and body tissues examine samples of cancer cells to see if they have receptors for estrogen or progesterone.
It is important not to mistake hormone therapy for breast cancer, and we advise the National Cancer Institute not to mistake it for menopausal hormone therapy, which is sometimes called hormone replacement therapy. In the treatment of menopause, progesterone and estrogen can be used to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Cancer hormone therapy does the opposite. This treatment blocks the growth of ER or PR-positive breast cancer cells. Drugs are usually used to prevent estrogen and progesterone from helping the growth of breast cancer cells. Otherwise, drugs and surgery are used to prevent the ovaries from making these hormones. Radiation therapy for the ovaries may also help stop hormone production.
Various drugs may be used in the process of hormone therapy. These include aromatase inhibitors that block estrogen production. Other drugs, called selective estrogen receptor modulators, bind to estrogen receptors and prevent estrogen from adhering to cancer cells.
Studies show that adjuvant hormone therapy after surgery for ER-positive breast cancer reduces the risk of breast cancer recurrence, including other breast cancers, for at least five years, NCI said. Hormone therapy may be used to prevent breast cancer in women who are at high risk of developing breast cancer.
The Mayo Clinic states that oncologists determine the type of hormone therapy appropriate for a particular type of receptor-positive breast cancer. Depending on the type of treatment, there are some side effects of hormone therapy. Risks of hot water, night sweats, vaginal dryness, uneven mood, decreased libido, and blood clots are possible. Doctors can weigh the risks between the benefits of hormone therapy and the side effects.
In addition to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, hormone therapy may help some patients overcome the diagnosis of breast cancer.
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