Health
Why school anti-bullying programs involving peers can harm victims
Bullying at school has been found to be detrimental to the mental health of students. Many studies have evaluated the effectiveness of anti-bullying programs, with varying results in general, with no overall benefit for junior high school students. Looking at certain elements of an anti-bullying program can help explain complex patterns. Unlike intensive programs that include parent training, rigorous disciplinary practices, or improved playground supervision, interventions that involve collaboration with peers tend to lead to increased bullying. The new review explores why encouraging peers to protect victims can actually do more harm than good.
The analysis was written by researchers at the QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medicine and the University of Queensland at Brisbane.It will be displayed in Prospects for child development, Journal of Child Development Study Group.
“many School bullying The prevention program encourages and trains fellow bystanders (helpers) to be actively involved in supporting potential cases of bullying, “said the lead investigator at the QIMR Berghofer Institute for Medical Research. Karin L. Healy says.And in good faith, there is no evidence that it helps Victim.. Encouraging peers to actively defend victims of bullying can actually have adverse consequences for the victim. “
Most studies on the effectiveness of anti-bullying programs assume that each program affects bullying and damage in a simple and unified way. However, many programs combine different strategies and participants and can produce different effects.
Healy identified several mechanisms by which bystander intervention, including the victim’s peer defense, could increase the victim’s damage and distress: 1) by weakening the victim’s power 2) By intensifying or inducing bullying, or 3) Peer group..
“With the involvement of many peers, the situation becomes more common and can damage the victim’s social reputation,” Healy said. “Intervention by trained bystanders can prevent victims from coping with the situation on their own and may appear vulnerable to the eyes of the bully. Training students to intervene in bullying It can also lead to abuse of fellow defense strategies for the benefit of helpers, such as making them feel their status is high or increasing their sense of belonging to school. “
Recent evidence suggests that even if the program succeeds in reducing bullying, it can still harm the most affected individual students. “This could potentially be the case in all cases. program The goal is to reduce overall bullying without considering the impact on the victim, “Healy explains.
To mitigate the risk to vulnerable students, Healy suggests that schools be wary of anti-bullying programs that have no evidence of their effectiveness in reducing bullying and damage. Schools should avoid using strategies that increase the visibility of their peers (for example, identify victims at class meetings).Also, evaluation of bullying Prevention program Look at that school Overall, we need to be aware of the hidden negative consequences of individual students who remain affected.
Prospects for child development, DOI: 10.1111 / cdep.12385
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Child Development Study Group
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