Coronavirus Vaccine Competition-Answered big questions such as when ready

With the first coronavirus vaccine rolled off the production line, there are growing expectations that a global counterattack against the pandemic may soon progress.

The US pharmaceutical giant Pfizer’s factory in Purus, Belgium, prepared hundreds of thousands of doses if the clinical trial was successful.

This means that the company snorted ahead of its rival developers in the jab competition.

However, Sir Patrick Valence, the government’s chief scientific adviser, warned that the vaccine would be “unlikely” to be widely available until next spring.

He added evidence to the Joint National Security Strategy Committee of Commons and Road, yet that Covid-19 cannot be stopped altogether.

Sir Patrick said that only one disease, smallpox, had been completely eradicated and that treatment for Covid-19 could be like seasonal flu.

He states: “It’s really unlikely to be a sterilization vaccine.”

Sir Patrick said it will be clear in the coming months if there is a vaccine that protects us and how long it will take.

He added that while many candidates provoke an immune response, only the most advanced Phase 3 trials will show whether people stop getting infected.

Pfizer has produced 100 million vaccines this year and hopes to travel 40 million to the UK. Every patient who gets it needs two.

Vaccines usually require years of testing and trial to develop, but scientists want to track serum quickly.

Over 40 have undergone human clinical trials and an additional 156 are in preclinical development.

Phase 3 versions include BioNTech and Pfizer, Oxford University and AstraZeneca, US biotechnology company Moderna, US-based Johnson & Johnson, and China’s Sinopharm and Sinovac in collaboration with Germany.

England

Exams are being conducted at Oxford University, Imperial College, London, Cambridge and Leeds.

Jonathan Vantam, Deputy Chief Medical Officer of the United Kingdom, said the jab, created in Oxford and made by AstraZeneca, could be available at the turn of the year.

However, the study was suspended after participants had side effects.

In collaboration with the Vaccine Task Force, US company Novavax is conducting Phase 3 trials of the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine in regions, including Leeds.

Over 250,000 people volunteered to participate in the vaccine trial. The UK has also signed millions of supply contracts with Johnson & Johnson, GlaxoSmithKline / Sanofi Pasteur and France’s Varneva SE.

When developed, vaccines are reserved for the most at-risk people, including front-line medical staff, the elderly, and people in good health.

Initially, “supply is limited,” said Kate Bingham, chair of the UK Vaccine Taskforce. She also said the disease was “very unlikely” to be defeated in a single jab.

Also, TV doctor Sarah Kayat warned, “It’s important to note that not everyone will succeed.”

The United Kingdom has signed the World Health Organization’s international “COV Access Agreement”. It aims to give people around the world equal access to newly developed vaccines. Other signatories include France, South Africa and Malaysia.

The UK is also participating in Kovacs, a UN program aimed at vaccination of poorer countries. China is also registered, but the United States is not.

Manufacture and delivery in the UK

The government and Varneva are developing a facility in Livingston, West Lothian to mass produce vaccines. A new vaccine manufacturing and innovation center is also under construction in Oxfordshire.

According to economists, seven venues have been designated as “Nightingale Vaccination Centers” where jabs can be administered.

These include Leeds Town Hall, the University of Hull Sports Center, and the Copper Box Arena at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London.

USA

The highly trampian-sounding Operation Warp Speed ​​aims to produce and deliver 300 million safe and effective vaccines from January.

President Donald Trump He had promised a vaccine before the election, hoping to boost the fate of his election. There was a risk that the jab would go into production before it proved safe.

However, despite the start of production, Pfizer said it was uncertain whether the vaccine would be effective by the end of this month and did not have the legally required safety data required by the US Food and Drug Administration until the end of November. Hmm.

Last week, a 60,000 vaccine study by Johnson & Johnson was suspended because participants suffered from an “unexpected illness.”

China

This week, hundreds of people in Yiwu, eastern China, queued jabs for £ 45 at a time, even though they haven’t completed clinical trials yet.

Health officials have pledged that effective vaccines will be available by the end of the year. They also promised to share the vaccine with more than 12 countries.

China has 11 vaccines in clinical trials, and many experts believe it will win the global competition.

Martin McKee, Professor of European Public Health at the London School of Economics and Tropical Medicine, said: “It seems very likely that the Chinese vaccine will be approved in November, or at least it will be approved. At this point, China is in control of the vaccine.”

Russia

Last week, Russian trolls were accused of fake news that the Oxford vaccine would turn people into chimpanzees. This was not the first time Russia had headlined a vaccine.

In August, President Vladimirputin said Russia had won the jab competition in the production of the Sputnik V at the Gamalaya Institute in Moscow. It was given to one of his daughters, even though there was no Phase 3 test.

And last week Moscow said that a second jab called EpiVac Corona was registered by the Novosibirsk-based Vektor Center – “the third is almost ready at the Chumakov Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.”

Many Western scientists are skeptical of the Russian test procedure and some fear it is dangerous.