Scientists Develop New Lab Tests to Detect Antibodies Against New Coronavirus | Weather Channel-Weather Channel Articles

Scientists have developed a new lab test procedure to detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. It produces results faster than existing assays and specifically identifies so-called “neutralizing” antibodies (antibodies that protect by blocking cell infection).

“Because so many assays are in use today, we can detect antibodies, but we don’t know if they are neutralizing antibodies. We only know the level of antibody that someone has,” Ohio State said. The university research author, Shan-Lu Liu, said. America.

“Some antibodies may be protective, may not be protective, and may promote infection. With this type of coronavirus and other viruses, some antibodies can be harmful. They are also known to be sexual. They prevent patients from re-infecting and prevent viral replication, which is the result of the infection we want people to have, “Liu added.

In the analysis of blood samples from several different populations tested positive for COVID-19, researchers said in this new assay that, overall, ICU patients produced the highest levels of neutralizing antibodies during the recovery phase. Plasma donors and healthcare professionals have the lowest antibody levels.

“Our assay can be used to determine if antibodies have been developed in individuals who have come into contact with SARS-CoV-2,” the researchers said in a paper published in Journal JCI Insight.

To that end, researchers have developed a so-called “pseudo-type” virus-neutralizing antibody assay in which the HIV vector and core are coated with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to detect antibodies against coronavirus.

The team applied a new approach by selecting different forms of photogenic enzymes that could be conveniently detected in media containing virus-infected cells. This choice saved several steps and time in the detection process without losing accuracy and sensitivity to the target virus.

The results showed that inpatients, especially ICU patients, generally had the highest concentrations or titers of neutralizing antibodies in the system. However, more than 14% of hospitalized individuals had no or very low antibody levels. The assay did not detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in samples of people with other types of respiratory illness.

The accuracy of the test was further verified by verifying in laboratory settings that the antibodies detected in the blood samples of COVID-19 patients actually neutralized the real SARS-CoV-2 virus.

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The above article was published by a news agency with minimal headline and text changes.

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