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U.S. residents living in densely populated areas are more likely to comply with a stay-at-home order

 


According to a study co-authored by researchers in the park, Americans have significantly reduced visits to grocery stores, pharmacies and transportation following a stay-at-home order from the mayor and governor earlier this year. And beach visits did not decrease. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Public Health School.

In a study published online on September 30 in the journal Landscape and city planningResearchers publish Google based on anonymized mobility information from millions of US Android, iPhone, and Google Maps users to destinations such as grocery stores, train stations, and parks. I investigated the data.

Researchers analyzed how overall movement changed at the county level, following local shelter-in-place orders. They found that visits to “essential” destinations such as grocery stores were relatively significantly reduced, but “not essential” to other outdoor recreational sports such as parks, parks and beaches. Visits did not decrease virtually.

An analysis of all 771 metropolitan areas in Google’s dataset from the first day of each county’s stay-at-home order to May 11, 2020, is mandatory for counties classified as densely populated. Travel reductions have been shown to be even more pronounced.

“The main challenge of complying with a stay-at-home order in a dense and compact area does not seem to be related to” mandatory “travel to grocery stores, pharmacies and transit stations. People in these areas seem to be very pleased. Dr. Shimahamidi, a senior author of the study, states that he is an assistant professor of Bloomberg at American Health in the Department of Environmental Health Engineering at Bloomberg School.

“This may be due to access to better services, such as shopping for home-delivered groceries in densely populated areas, and recent evidence has shown that residents of densely populated areas are banned from going out. Highly likely to comply, threat. “

Compulsory social distance and blockade measures imposed by states and local governments have been the most widely used public health tools for COVID-19 to date. However, it is unclear to what extent people comply with these obligations and has been relatively unstudied.

Hamidi and her co-author, Ahoura Zandiatashbar, Ph.D., assistant professor of urban and regional planning at San Jose State University. Found that lockdowns seemed to have a significant impact on three counties in all 771 counties covered by the Google dataset. The main categories of travel they examined.

Travel to grocery stores and pharmacies after the blockade until May 11 was on average 13.3 percent below the local baseline average established in January and February.

Travel to transit stations was 37.4 percent below baseline. In contrast, trips to parks, beaches and other outdoor recreational spots averaged only 0.4% lower, with virtually no change.

Hamidi said that visits to parks and beaches may not have diminished because they were allowed under many home-based obligations, which is important for reducing stress during a pandemic and is low risk. It suggests that it may have been widely recognized.

However, she also states that there is some evidence from epidemiological studies that suggest that parks and other outdoor spaces may show great potential for viral infections, especially when relatively crowded. I have.

Hamidi and Zandiatashbar analyze how travel orientation changes due to a variety of factors and travel to grocery stores / pharmacies and transportation (often classified as “essential” travel). However, we found that it decreased significantly in more dense (“compact”) counties. Parks and beaches in these counties have increased slightly.

“This is not surprising, but you can be worried because visiting the park during a pandemic has its own risks,” says Hamidi. “Parks can be potential hotspots for viral infections, especially if people are not physically separated. In addition, the risk of exposure to COVID-19 in parks is the frequent use of parks. It can grow even larger among the homeless. Ultimately, it increases the risk of COVID-19 infecting the general public. “

Researchers also analyzed travel changes during the blockade and county election results, especially in metropolitan areas where Donald Trump won a high percentage of votes in the 2016 presidential election. And found a slightly lower overall compliance.

Researchers also observed that the decline in the three types of travel tended to deepen in the days immediately following the announcement of the blockade, but tended to decline as the blockade progressed.

Decision makers, planners, and public health authorities have designed and implemented guidelines for social distance, especially for parks and similar areas, and people in parks in relatively dense urban spaces with high per capita COVIDs. It is advisable to closely monitor the behavior and movement patterns of social distances. -19 mortality rates. “

Dr. Shima Hamidi, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Principal Writer and Assistant Professor Bloomberg

“Compact Development and Stay-at-Home Order Compliance during COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Survey in the United States” was written by Shima Hamidi and Ahoura Zandiatashbar.

Source:

Journal reference:

ShimaHamidia, S & Zandiatashbarb, A. (2020) COVID-19 Compact development during a pandemic and compliance with a stay-at-home order: Longitudinal survey in the United States. Landscape and city planning. doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103952..

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