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How genetic variation causes differences in mathematical abilities

How genetic variation causes differences in mathematical abilities

 


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image: DNA mutations in a gene called ROBO1 are associated with early anatomical differences in brain regions that play an important role in the expression of quantity and may explain how genetic variation occurs. there is.
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Credits: Michael A. Skeide, 2020

DNA mutations in a gene called ROBO1 are associated with early anatomical differences in brain regions that play an important role in the expression of quantity and are genetic, according to a study published on October 22 in open access. May explain how mutations shape a child’s mathematical performance Journal PLOS biology By Michael Skeide of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive Brain Science and his colleagues. Specifically, the authors found that a genetic variation in ROBO1 in infants was associated with gray-white mass in the right parietal lobe. This predicts a second grade mathematical test score.

Mathematical abilities are known to be hereditary and are associated with several genes that play a role in brain development. However, it is not clear how math-related genes shape the developing human brain. As a result, how genetic variation can cause differences in mathematical abilities remains an open question. To address this knowledge gap, Skeide and his collaborators combined brain imaging and genotyping in untrained preschoolers.

The authors analyzed 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (genetic variations that affect a single DNA building block) in 10 genes that were previously involved in mathematical performance. Next, the relationship between these mutants and the amount of gray matter (mainly composed of neuronal cell bodies) was examined throughout the brains of a total of 178 children aged 3 to 6 years who underwent magnetic resonance imaging. I looked it up. Finally, they identified areas of the brain where the amount of gray matter could predict the score of a sophomore math test.

They found that a variant of ROBO1, a gene that regulates prenatal growth in the outermost layer of nervous tissue in the brain, is associated with the gray mass of the right parietal lobe, an important brain region of quantitative expression. Did. In addition, the amount of gray matter in these areas predicted scores for math tests in children aged 7-9 years. According to the authors, the results suggest that genetic diversity may shape mathematical capacity by influencing the early development of the brain’s basic quantitative processing system.

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Research paper

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For coverage, use these URLs to provide access to articles that are available for free on PLOS Biology. http: // journals.plos.org /plosbiology /article? id =10.10.1371 /journal.pbio.3000871

Quotes: Skeide MA, Wehrmann K, Emami Z, Kirsten H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, et al. (2020) Neurobiological origin of individual differences in mathematical ability. PLoS Biol 18 (10): e3000871. https: //Doi.org /10.10.1371 /journal.pbio.3000871

Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the Fraunhofer Society and the Max Planck Society (M.FE.A.NEPF0001). The funder was not involved in study design, data collection and analysis, publication decisions, or manuscript preparation.

Competitive Benefits: The author has declared that there are no competing interests.

Disclaimer: AAAS and Eurek Alert! We are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! To use the information by contributing to the institution or through the Eurek Alert system.

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