Scientists Decipher Why Covid-19 Spares Children, Health News, ET Health World

Washington: Scientists have discovered important factors that may explain why a novel is a novel Coronavirus It mainly affects adults and the elderly, but seems to spare young children. This is an advance that may lead to the development of the next new treatment strategy. COVID-19..

According to researchers, including researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) in the United States, children Lower level Of the receptor protein Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 needs to invade airway epithelial cells in the lung.

According to scientists, the findings published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation support efforts to block this protein to potentially treat or prevent Covid-19 in the elderly.

“Our study provides a biological basis for why infants and very young children are unlikely to become infected or present with symptoms of serious illness,” VUMC said. Jennifer Sucre, co-author of the study, said.

After the virus particles are inhaled into the lungs, researchers explain that protein “spikes” attach to ACE2, a receptor on the surface of certain lung cells.

They said another cellular protein called TMPRSS2 chops the spikes, allowing the virus to fuse to the cell membrane and “invade” the cell.

“Our research has always focused on understanding how infant lungs differ from adult lungs in lung development and vulnerability to injury,” Sucre said. ..

“In this study, we were able to actually take the opposite approach and see how the differences protect the developing lungs from SARS-CoV-2 infection,” she added. ..

In this study, researchers used a technique called single-cell RNA sequencing to detect gene expression in individual mouse cells in tissues such as the lungs.

They tracked the expression of genes known to be involved in the body’s response to Covid-19 over time.

The ACE2 gene was expressed at low levels in the lungs of mice, but “TMPRSS2 was striking because it had a very impressive trajectory of increased expression during development,” he said. Bryce Schuler, another co-author of the study, said.

Scientists obtained and analyzed human lung specimens collected from donors of various ages and found that the trajectory of TMPRSS2 expression was similar to that seen in mice.

“We found that expression of (TMPRSS2) increases significantly with age, which is seen at the genetic and protein levels. More in the elderly, both in humans and mice. You can see TMPRSS2, “said Sucre.

Next, using fluorescent molecules to analyze autopsy specimens of three patients who died of Covid-19, the researchers found the virus in three types of cells expressing TMPRSS2.

They said this receptor protein is well known for its role in the development of prostate cancer.

According to scientists, drugs that block TMPRSS2 and are approved for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer are currently being clinically tested as a potential treatment for Covid-19.

“We believe TMPRSS2 can be an attractive target both in treatment and in the prevention of people at high risk of Covid exposure,” Sucre added.

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