“New species” flowers found in amber 100 million years ago

Almost 100 million years after the rare flowers bloom, they finally reach that moment in the sun.

Researcher Oregon The state university has identified a new species of Cretaceous angiosperms or flowering plants that have been preserved in amber fragments found in what is now Myanmar.

Called Valviloculus pleristaminis, it belongs to the family Lauraceae and is associated with the Black Heart Sassafras found in Australia.

Myanmar and Australia are separated by more than 4,000 miles of sea, but at the time the flower was covered with resin, it was part of a supercontinent known as Gondwana.

The discovery of V. pleristaminis suggests a continental plate that was separated from the Gondwana continent much later than it was previously theorized.

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OSU researchers have discovered a new species and genus of Valviloculus pleristaminis that have been trapped in amber for 100 million years. Dozens of stamens are spirally arranged on a small male flower with its pollen-producing head facing the sky.

“It’s not a Christmas flower, but it’s a beauty, especially given that it was part of a forest that existed 100 million years ago,” said George Poinar Jr., a paleontologist at OSU’s Department of Integrated Biology. Says.

“The male flower is a small flower about 2 mm in diameter, but about 50 stamens are arranged in a spiral and the anthers are facing the sky.”

The stamens are part of the pollen-producing male flowers, and the anthers are the pollen-producing heads of the stamens.

“Despite its very small size, the details that still remain are amazing,” said Poynor, author of a report on the findings of the Texas Botanical Institute’s journal.

The flowers bloomed on the ancient supercontinent Gondwana and were wrapped in amber, Poiner theorized and then boarded a continental plate known as the West Burmese Block, which slowly moved 4,000 miles away.

OSU paleontologist George Poiner Jr. is holding amber. The work of a world-renowned expert in the analysis of flora and fauna found in prehistoric materials has prompted Michael Crichton to write Jurassic Park.

He and his colleagues at OSU and the Department of Agriculture named the flower — this is both a new genus and species — Valviloculus pleristaminis.

Barba is the Latin word for folding door leaves, room means “compartment”, Porreres means “many”, and staminis reflects dozens of male genitalia of flowers.

The specimen was probably part of a cluster of plants with similar flowers, Poiner added.

What is amber?

Amber has been used in jewelery for thousands of years and often retains very well-preserved materials from ancient times.

The golden translucent substance is formed when the resin of extinct softwood hardens and fossilizes.

Insects, plants, pollen and other substances were trapped in the resin and buried for millions of years.

In addition to its beauty, the fossilized flowers are noteworthy thanks to the journey. It bloomed on the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, wrapped in amber, and then boarded a continental plate known as the West Burmese block.

The plate slowly moved from Australia to Southeast Asia and traveled 4,000 miles.

There is still debate about when West Burma Block separated from Gondwana and eventually split into Africa, South America, Australia, the Antarctic, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula.

Some geologists dated it 500 million years ago, while others theorize it to be close to 200 million years ago.

However, according to Poiner, angiosperms evolved and diversified only about 100 million years ago.

That means the West Burmese block couldn’t collapse before that, he said, “it’s much later than the proposed date.”

Poiner is a world-renowned expert in the analysis of flora and fauna found in amber. His work encouraged Michael Crichton to write Jurassic Park.

In 2013, Poinard discovered a fragment of amber with the oldest evidence of sexual reproduction in a flowering plant, a herd of 18 small Cretaceous flowers.

The moment of the freeze frame contains fine tubes that grow from pollen grains and penetrate the stigma, which is part of the female reproductive system of the flower.

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