Health
Researchers discover a mysterious “drowning” disease that kills sea stars
Researchers may have discovered why sea stars have died around the world for the past seven years and some species are endangered.
A team of scientists led by members of Cornell University Sea starThe main victims of a phenomenon known as sea star debilitating disease (SSWD) may actually suffer from certain respiratory illnesses. Sea stars are basically “drown” in water. In addition, researchers also hint at increased microbial activity from surrounding organic matter, and rising seawater temperatures make it difficult for these species to breathe in water.
“As a human being, we breathe, ventilate, take air into our lungs, and exhale,” explains Ian Hughson, a professor of microbiology at Cornell University. In a press release from the university.. He explains that these sea stars diffuse oxygen through small structures in the skin (called paplae or gill of the skin), and lack of oxygen around these respiratory structures makes breathing difficult.
Results of their study entitled “”Evidence that microorganisms at the interface between animals and water cause debilitating diseases of sea stars, ”Was published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology, January 6th.
Related article: Sunflower sea star has been designated as an endangered species
Discovery of sea star debilitating disease
In their report, researchers described sea star debilitating disease as affecting asteroids, a class of echinoderms, including sea stars, with a significant population decline in the northeastern Pacific region after the 2013 mass death. I am. However, the etiology or cause behind this phenomenon remains “unresolved.”
Many signs of sea star-wasting illness are “affected by observer bias,” and researchers have experimented and investigated the appearance of sea star body wall lesions, one of the main symptoms of sea stars. Combined to standardize the outbreak of reported illness. sick. In this study, an asteroid is considered “dead” if the tube feet do not move for 30 seconds, or if all limbs are found to be “automated” or away from the central disk. It was.
Researchers then conducted longitudinal studies to determine whether the disease preceded or was associated with changes in bacteria and habitats. They also tested whether there was an association between oxygen gas (O2) depletion and a tendency to develop debilitating illnesses.
Combination of various factors
Hughson explains that ocean conditions can promote “abnormal amounts of organic matter” and promote bacterial growth and survival. Because these organisms consume organic matter in the water, Oxygen level drops -Creates a “hypoxic microenvironment” surrounding the asteroid, causing a variety of symptoms such as contraction, discoloration, swelling, and curling of the limbs.
“It’s a cascade of problems that begins with changes in the environment,” Hughson said. He added that most of these organic matter are from fine algae emissions, zooplankton, and rotting carcasses from other animals. These substances stimulate bacteria called copiotrofu, which are found in carbon-rich environments, and propagate in organic-rich areas.
Related article: Octopuses may be blinded when climate change draws oxygen from the ocean, new research says
“If there is a dead and rotten sea star next to a healthy sea star, all the organic matter in that dead person will drift and fuel the bacteria, creating a hypoxic environment,” Hughson added. This gives the impression that debilitating diseases are transmitted throughout the sea star population.
Check out more news and information about Oceans Science Times.
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