Genetic alterations caused by peplomers may explain long COVID

Scientists have shown that the SARS-CoV-2 peplomer can initiate altered gene expression and explain long-term COVID symptoms.

The results of a new cell study at Texas Tech University Health Science Center in the United States SARS-CoV-2 Peplomer (S) proteins can cause long-term changes in gene expression. The results of this study may help explain why some COVID-19 patients experience symptoms such as shortness of breath and dizziness long after the infection has resolved. This is a condition known as long COVID.

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is covered with S protein. During infection, the S protein binds to receptors on cells in the body and initiates a process that allows the virus to release its genetic material inside healthy cells.

“We found that exposure to the SARS-CoV-2S protein alone was sufficient to alter baseline gene expression in airway cells,” said Nicholas Evans, one of the researchers. “This suggests that the symptoms seen in patients may initially be due to the direct interaction of S proteins with cells.”

Culturing human airway cells requires certain conditions that allow the cells to mature into the differentiated cells found in the airways. Researchers have optimized a previously developed culture approach known as gas-liquid interface technology to more closely simulate the physiological conditions found in the pulmonary airways. This included exposing the cells to the air and giving the airway cells time to mature.

Researchers found that cultured human airway cells exposed to both low and high levels of purified S protein showed differences in gene expression that remained after the cells recovered from exposure. The top genes contained genes associated with the inflammatory response.

“Our research may help elucidate the changes that occur in patients at the genetic level and ultimately provide insights into the optimal treatment for a particular patient,” Evans said. I am.

The researchers also compared cultured human airway cells with other studies in which cells were collected from patients infected with COVID-19.They were able to confirm that an optimized cell culture approach reflected what was happening to the patient and would be useful in the future. Translation studies.. They plan to use a new approach to better understand how long genetic changes last and the potential long-term effects of these changes in relation to long-distance COVID-19 cases. ..

Evans publishes research at American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virtual annual meeting Experimental Biology (EB) 2021 Meeting.

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