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This test uses only a small blood sample to detect proteins secreted by M. tuberculosis. This causes tuberculosis infection-ScienceDaily

This test uses only a small blood sample to detect proteins secreted by M. tuberculosis. This causes tuberculosis infection-ScienceDaily

 


Researchers at Tulane University School of Medicine have developed a sensitive blood test that can detect traces of bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB) in babies a year before the onset of a fatal disease. BMC medicine..

This test uses only a small blood sample to detect M. tuberculosis proteins secreted by M. tuberculosis. All forms of tuberculosis can be screened and the patient’s response to treatment can be quickly assessed, said Dr. Tony Fu, principal research author and Chairman of the President of Biotechnology Innovation at Tulane University.

“This is a breakthrough for infants with tuberculosis because there is no screening technique of this kind to catch the early infections of the youngest group most likely to be undiagnosed,” Hu said. .. “I hope we can take this approach quickly and reach these children as soon as possible.”

Every year, nearly 1 million children develop tuberculosis and 205,000 die from tuberculosis-related causes. Over 80% of deaths from childhood tuberculosis occur in people under the age of five. Most of these deaths occur because children with tuberculosis, especially babies, usually have no symptoms specific to tuberculosis and therefore have not been diagnosed with the disease. These children also have difficulty producing respiratory samples used to detect tuberculosis with the best tuberculosis tests currently in use.

Even when these samples are available from children, they often have a much lower bacterial content than adult samples, which tends to make the diagnosis less effective, Hu said. However, his test uses a small amount of blood samples that can be easily taken from children of all ages to detect a specific protein (CFP-10) secreted by bacteria to maintain an infection that develops into tuberculosis. I will. Because this protein is present in the blood at very low levels, Hu’s assay uses antibodies specific for this protein to concentrate it from other proteins in the blood and is sensitive using a mass spectrometer. And it detects accurately.

Hu and his team used this test to collect from 284 and 235 non-virus-infected children who participated in a large clinical trial conducted between 2004 and 2008. The stored blood samples were screened. Hu’s group found that the current Gold Standard tuberculosis test identified children diagnosed with tuberculosis with 100% accuracy. The assay also detected 83.7% of tuberculosis cases missed by these tests, but was subsequently diagnosed by a standard checklist using a set of other information collected by each child’s doctor (unconfirmed). Tuberculosis cases). Hu’s test also detected CFP-10 in 77% of blood samples collected 24 weeks before the child was otherwise diagnosed with tuberculosis, indicating a high likelihood of early TB diagnosis. It was. Biomarkers in some positive cases can be detected 60 weeks before tuberculosis is confirmed.

Researchers are working on developing inexpensive, portable devices for reading tests so that resources commonly found in tuberculosis-endemic areas can be used more easily in confined environments.

This study was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Eunice Kennedy Schreiber National Institute of Pediatric Health and Human Development, and the US Department of Defense.

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material Provided by Tulane University.. Original written by Carolyn Scofield. Note: The content can be edited in style and length.

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