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Failure of social distance in mole rats provides clues to treat some neurological disorders

 


NEW YORK, April 30, 2020 (print edition) -New research by researchers at the CUNY Graduate Center. University of Staten Island; University of Helsinki provides insights into what’s happening in the brain of people with certain neurological conditions such as autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. This work may point to useful therapies in the treatment of these disorders.

Newly announced survey results Current biology What is the reason why the African naked mole rat, one of only two mammals living in society, does not leave the colony and start a new family, sleeps in a nest over each other in large groups Or? Researchers have found that these animals have mutations in the gene for the KCC2 protein that normally help suppress neurons. A variant called R952H struggles to suppress the activity of the mole’s bare brain. As a result, breathing at an uncontrolled level of oxygen when the animal is inactive can cause the brain to compete and cause panic reactions and seizures. However, elevated levels of carbon dioxide in dense nests interfere with brain activity and interfere with this response. Researchers confirmed this relationship by finding similar genetic mutations in Damaraland moll rats, the only other social mammal.

The human brain also requires some inhibition to function properly, and the function of the KCC2 protein is developmentally regulated in humans and most other mammals. Mutations in this protein can cause defective brain activity. Interestingly, the R952H variant is believed to be responsible for this glitch in rats and has been reported in people with autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and epilepsy.

“The connection between the R952H and humans drives many of our questions,” says Daniel McCloskey, a psychology professor at the Graduate Center and College of Staten Island. “This opened our eyes to the idea that some people around us may be more sensitive to the air we breathe and the way we breathe it. Perhaps There may be fixes that can help these people feel more comfortable. ”

This study suggests that naked mole rats can be used as a model to find a cure for people with this genetic difference. Researchers say that combination therapies that add carbon dioxide or drugs that lower neuronal pH to existing treatment regimens may offer some benefits to individuals with certain neurological disorders and the R952H mutation. It was

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