Jimmy Carter, former president and peace activist, diesExBulletin

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter answers questions from the media during a news conference at the Carter Center in Atlanta on August 20, 2015. John Amis/Reuters .

toggle captionJohn Amis/Reuters

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter answers questions from the media during a press conference at the Carter Center in Atlanta, August 20, 2015.

John Amis/Reuters

Jimmy Carter, the 39th president of the United States, died on Sunday at the age of 100. The Carter Center announced that he died in his hometown of Plains, Georgia.

Carter served as president from 1977 to 1981, but he was perhaps most famous for the life he led after leaving office. Carter was one of the greatest advocates of international peace, democracy and human rights.

James “Jimmy” Earl Carter Jr. was born in Plains, Georgia on October 1, 1924, and spent his childhood on a farm just outside of this small southwest Georgia community. His father was a peanut farmer; her mother, “Miss Lillian,” was a nurse. He was the first president of the United States to be born in a hospital.

“Besides Jimmy Carter, no person from the Deep South has been elected president since the Civil War,” said Steven Hochman, a longtime aide to the former president who works for the Carter Center.

Jimmy who?

Growing up on the farm, Carter learned the value of hard work and determination. He qualified for the United States Naval Academy and became an engineer, working on submarines. But Carter resigned from the Navy in 1953 after his father's death.

Returning to Plains, he was elected to the Georgia Senate and became the first Georgia governor to speak out against racial discrimination.

A lifelong Democrat, like most Southerners of the era, Carter was a political unknown when he launched a national campaign in 1974 and was first nicknamed “Jimmy Who?”

But a grassroots effort changed that, Hochman said. “He was campaigning on street corners and going on radio stations. Nobody knew who he was except that he was running for president.”

Carter's friends and family from Georgia, called the Peanut Brigade, traveled to New Hampshire, Iowa and across the country to talk to voters and campaign for Carter, the dependable southerner who wanted to be president.

Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter greets a young supporter as he arrives in Manchester, New Hampshire, August 3, 1976. Carter was in New Hampshire for a rally and fundraising events. Peter Bregg/AP .

switch captionPeter Bregg/AP

Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter greets a young supporter as he arrives in Manchester, New Hampshire, August 3, 1976. Carter was in New Hampshire for a rally and fundraising events.

Peter Bregg/AP

During the campaign, Carter told the public: “I will never lie. I will never make a misleading statement. I will never betray the trust of those who trust me and I will never avoid a controversial issue. “

Carter was elected when the nation's mood was bitter and cynical following the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal. The Georgia man chose a different path on his inauguration day: Carter and his wife, Rosalynn Carter, stepped out of the bulletproof limousine and marched to the White House to demonstrate their connection to the American people.

“It was primarily an attempt to draw a distinction between what he saw as the people's presidency and the more imperial presidency of Richard Nixon,” said historian Dan Carter (no relation to Jimmy Carter) .

The Carter White House

Among Jimmy Carter's accomplishments were the Camp David Accords, which brought together the Israeli prime minister and the Egyptian president in 1978. They signed peace accords on the White House lawn, and Carter spoke of dedication and the determination of leaders who had been enemies for so many years.

The agreements resulted in a peace treaty, but relations between the two Middle Eastern countries remained tenuous. During his tenure, Carter also worked on the SALT II nuclear weapons agreement and signed the Panama Canal Treaties, giving control of the canal to Panama.

But Carter's most difficult challenge was the Iran hostage crisis. Militants stormed the U.S. Embassy in Iran in 1979 and took dozens of Americans hostage. People were glued to reports of the crisis for more than a year, as Carter continued to negotiate the release of the hostages. In 1980, a failed rescue attempt resulted in the deaths of eight American service members.

The administration also faced domestic problems, including an energy crisis and double-digit inflation. Carter held a series of meetings among his cabinet members that culminated in a brutal televised speech in 1979, known as the “unease” speech.

“It is clear that our nation's real problems run much deeper than gas pipes or energy shortages, deeper even than inflation or recession. And I realize more than ever that as president, I need your help,” Carter pleaded.

Carter established federal energy policy. He created the departments of Energy and Education. Yet he lost his re-election bid by a landslide to Republican Ronald Reagan. And it was only moments after Reagan was sworn in as president on January 20, 1981, that the remaining 52 hostages were released. Carter was allowed to take them into his home.

“I learned officially for the first time that the plane carrying the 52 American hostages had left Iranian airspace on the first leg of the return journey and that each of the 52 hostages was alive, well and free” , Carter said. his voice broke.

Life after Washington

After leaving office, Carter devoted himself to promoting democracy, monitoring elections, building homes with Habitat for Humanity, and eradicating disease in some of the world's poorest countries. world. In 1982, the president and his wife opened the Carter Center in Atlanta.

In an interview with NPR in 2007, Carter spoke about his experiences. “And over the past 25 years, my life could not have been more expansive, unpredictable, adventurous and rewarding,” he said.

In 2002, Carter won the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor some claimed he had won a quarter-century earlier when he negotiated the Camp David Accords. He ended his acceptance speech with a call for peace.

“War can sometimes be a necessary evil, but however necessary it is, it is always an evil, never a good. We will not learn to live together in peace by killing each other's children,” Carter said .

The former president continued his international peace missions throughout his life, meeting with the leaders of countries that some U.S. presidents refused to recognize, including North Korea, Nicaragua and Cuba. In 2008, he met with the exiled leader of the Islamist group Hamas, despite strong criticism from the US government.

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and other members of the Elders Group attend a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow in April 2015. The Elders Group is made up of world leaders who champion the goals of peace , justice and human rights that Carter spent his life pursuing after leaving the presidency. Vasily Maximov/AFP/Getty Images .

rock the caption Vasily Maximov/AFP/Getty Images

Historian Dan Carter said the former president proved to be something of an honest broker for peace in many cases and that as Jimmy Carter grew up, he was less afraid to speak out.

“And his meeting with Hamas was certainly a provocation, but he thought it was the right thing to do,” Dan Carter said.

Jimmy Carter wrote more than 20 books, the most controversial being Palestine: Peace, Not Apartheid. He was a religious man, attending a Baptist church and teaching Bible school for many years. And he was a hardworking and outspoken statesman.

Hochman of the Carter Center said the 39th president was one of the most remarkable leaders in U.S. history. “I think he will be remembered as a champion of human rights and peace, both as president and former president,” Hochman said.

Carter entered hospice care in February 2023. The longest-serving former president has suffered a series of health problems in recent years, including surviving cancer, a hip fracture and other recent hospitalizations for a pelvic fracture and a urinary tract infection.

He and Rosalynn celebrated their 77th wedding anniversary in 2023, a few months before his death at age 96.

Carter's wishes were to be buried next to Rosalynn in his hometown of Plains, Georgia.

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