FACT SHEET: Ensuring America's Security and Economic Strength in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is quickly becoming essential to both security and economic strength. The United States must act decisively to lead this transition by ensuring that American technology underpins the global use of AI and that adversaries cannot easily abuse advanced AI. In the wrong hands, powerful AI systems can potentially exacerbate significant national security risks, including enabling the development of weapons of mass destruction, supporting powerful offensive cyber operations, and enabling human rights abuses. man, like mass surveillance. Today, countries of concern are actively using AI, including U.S.-made AI, and seeking to undermine U.S. leadership in AI. To strengthen U.S. national security and economic strength, it is essential that we do not offshore this critical technology and that global AI runs on American rails. It is important to work with AI companies and foreign governments to establish essential security and trust standards as they develop their AI ecosystems. To strengthen U.S. security and economic strength, the Biden-Harris Administration is today issuing an interim final rule on the spread of artificial intelligence. It streamlines licensing hurdles for small and large chip orders, strengthens U.S. leadership in AI, and provides clarity to allied and partner countries on how they can benefit from AI. It builds on previous chip controls by thwarting contraband, closing other loopholes and raising AI security standards. Six key mechanisms of the rule catalyze the responsible diffusion of American technology:

No restrictions apply to chip sales to 18 key allies and partners. This flexibility allows jurisdictions with robust technology protection regimes and technology ecosystems aligned with U.S. national security and foreign policy interests to benefit from large-scale purchases with complete transparency. Orders for chips with collective computing power of up to approximately 1,700 advanced GPUs do not require licensing and do not count toward national chip caps. The overwhelming majority of chip orders fall into this category, particularly those placed by universities, medical institutions, and research organizations for ostensibly innocuous purposes. Streamlined processing of these orders represents an improvement over the status quo, rapidly accelerating low-risk shipments of U.S. technology around the world. Entities that meet high security and trust standards and are headquartered with close allies and partners can achieve highly trusted Verified Universal End User (UVEU) status. With this status, they can then place up to 7% of their global AI computing capacity in countries around the world, which likely represents hundreds of thousands of chips. This trusted status is granted on a global and sustainable basis, allowing responsible entities to grow quickly and flexibly, and to strengthen the global leadership of the United States and its allies while keeping state-of-the-art training domestically. . Entities that meet the same security requirements and are headquartered in a destination that is not a country of concern can apply for Verified National End User status, allowing them to purchase computing power equivalent to 320 000 advanced GPUs over the next two years. This provision allows trusted domestic entities to benefit from advanced U.S. technology, serving local, government and regional customers, while guarding against the risks of misappropriation. Non-VEU entities located outside of close allies can still purchase large amounts of computing power, up to the equivalent of 50,000 advanced GPUs per country. This cap ensures that U.S. technology is available to serve foreign governments, health care providers, and other local businesses. Government-to-government agreements cultivate an international ecosystem of shared values ​​regarding the development, deployment and use of AI. Governments that sign these agreements that align these countries' export control, clean energy, and technology security efforts with those of the United States can double their chip cap (up to 100,000 of today's advanced GPUs 'today).

Although it encourages the spread of U.S. technology, this rule takes significant action against countries of concern, preventing them from accessing advanced AI systems and the computing power used to train them. These actions include:

Continue to ensure that advanced semiconductors sold abroad are not used by countries of concern to train advanced AI systems, while allowing access to general applications ranging from telecommunications to banking. Restrict the transfer of model weights to untrusted actors for advanced closed-weighted models. The rule in no way prevents the publication of open-weighted model weights. Establish security standards to protect the weights of advanced closed-weight AI models, allowing them to be securely stored and used worldwide while helping prevent illicit access by adversaries.

The rule builds on previous regulations aimed at protecting U.S. national security, including the October 2022 and October 2023 chip controls. It follows a wide range of relevant commitments over the past ten months with stakeholders, bipartisan members of Congress, industry representatives, and foreign allies and partners.

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