3 out of 3 young British people cannot name Auschwitz or Nazi death camp | holocaust

One study found that a third of young British people could not name Auschwitz or other concentration camps or ghettos where Holocaust crimes were committed.

As part of a major international survey conducted in countries including the United States and the United Kingdom, it found that the knowledge gap is growing, especially among 18-29 year olds.

The results of this study were released ahead of the International Day of Remembrance commemorating the Memorial Day for the victims of the Holocaust and the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz. It comes amid fears of a resurgence of the far right and alarm over rising anti-Semitism.

More than a quarter of people surveyed in Britain could not name a single concentration camp or ghetto established by the Nazis during World War II.

King Charles will travel to Auschwitz on Monday to mark the liberation, joining survivors and other dignitaries and meeting Polish President Andrzej Duda.

The Prime Minister pledged to make Holocaust education in the UK a truly national endeavour, saying the Government would ensure it is taught in all schools.

Keir Starmer said: We must start by remembering the six million Jewish victims and defending the truth against all who deny it.

But as we remember, we must also act. Although we say never again, where were the genocides in Cambodia, Rwanda, Bosnia and Darfur never again and where is anti-Semitism still killing Jews?

Today we must make those words more meaningful. We will make Holocaust education a truly national effort. We will work to teach this in every school and provide every young person with the opportunity to hear recorded survivor testimonies. Because by learning from survivors, we can develop empathy for others and an appreciation for our common humanity, which is the ultimate way to overcome defeat. Hatred of differences.

It happened, and it could happen again. This is the Holocaust's warning to all of us. And that is why it is the duty of all of us to ensure that it never again means what it says with finality.

The Wall of Death at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Almost a quarter of people surveyed in the UK said they had encountered Holocaust denial or distortion on social media. Photo: Kacper Pempel/Reuters

When asked the names of concentration camps, death camps, killing sites, transit camps and ghettos they had heard of, 26% of people surveyed in the UK said they did not know the names at all. In the UK, the rate was 33% among 18-29 year olds, but in the United States, the rate was as high as 48%.

Auschwitz-Birkenau was the best-known camp, mentioned by 69% of people surveyed in Britain as part of the Conference's research on Jewish material claims against Germany.

Those involved in the study said some of the findings showed that Holocaust education in the UK was having a meaningful impact. However, there were concerns about the apparent spread of Holocaust denial and distortion, especially on social media platforms such as X and Facebook.

When asked whether they had encountered Holocaust denial or distortion on social media, 23% of respondents surveyed in the UK said yes. Almost half (47%) of Polish adults said this, while in Austria and Hungary the figure was 38%. In Germany it was 37%, in the US it was 33%, in Romania it was 25% and in France it was 20%.

Professor Stuart Foster, Director of UCL's Center for Holocaust Education, said: This research highlights significant and problematic levels of knowledge and understanding of the Holocaust among adults in Europe and North America.

Particularly troubling are the reported high levels of Holocaust denial and distortion, which appear to be fueled by misinformation and disinformation on social media platforms. However, it is somewhat comforting to note that respondents overwhelmingly support Holocaust education in schools.

Among Britons who experienced Holocaust denial and distortion, X and Facebook emerged as the most common social media platforms on which they experienced it. X was quoted at 42%.

However, 42% of 18-29 year olds in that group cited TikTok as the social media platform where they have seen injustice and distortion.

Auschwitz-Birkenau. It happened, and it could happen again. This is a warning to us all about the Holocaust, says Keir Starmer. Photo: Kacper Pempel/Reuters

Across all eight countries surveyed, a majority of the population did not know that 6 million Jews were murdered during the Holocaust, and a notable subset of the population believed that fewer than 2 million Jews were killed.

Those who believe that fewer than 2 million Jews were murdered were 28% in Romania, 27% in Hungary, 24% in Poland, 21% in France, the United States, and Austria, 20% in the United Kingdom, and 18% in Germany.

A significant proportion of young people aged 18 to 29 in France (46%), Romania (15%), Austria (14%) and Germany (12%) have never heard of the Holocaust. In the UK this figure was 2%.

Gideon Taylor, Chair of the Claims Conference, said: Serious knowledge gaps, particularly among younger generations, highlight the urgent need for more effective Holocaust education. It is deeply concerning that there are many adults who cannot confirm even basic facts, such as that 6 million Jews lost their lives.

The task force that oversaw the survey was comprised of historians and experts from museums, educational institutions, and leading nonprofit organizations in the field of Holocaust education. These included the Yad Vashem memorial center in Jerusalem, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the Claims Conference.

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