Health
Aspirin's immune-enhancing effect revealed in colorectal cancer
Research has revealed that aspirin helps the body's immune system detect and target cancer cells.
Long-term daily use of aspirin can prevent the development and progression of colorectal cancer, but the mechanism is unclear. New research reveals that aspirin may exert these protective effects by boosting certain aspects of the body's immune response against cancer cells. The findings are published on Wiley Online. cancera peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society.
To investigate the effect of aspirin (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) on colorectal cancer, researchers in Italy collected tissue samples from 238 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer between 2015 and 2019. However, 12% of them were aspirin users. The patient was enrolled in his METACCRE section of the Immunological Microenvironment in Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treatment (IMMUNOREACT 8) Multicenter Observational Study. The study was funded by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) and was carried out primarily at the University Hospital of Padova.
Compared to tissue samples from patients not using aspirin, samples from aspirin users showed less spread of cancer to lymph nodes and higher infiltration of immune cells into tumors. . Analysis of colorectal cancer cells in the laboratory shows that exposing the cells to aspirin increases the expression of a protein called CD80 on certain immune cells, which alerts other immune cells to the presence of tumor-associated proteins. The cell's ability to Supporting this finding, the researchers found that in patients with rectal cancer, aspirin users showed higher CD80 expression in healthy rectal tissue, suggesting a pro-immune surveillance effect of aspirin.
Our study demonstrates a complementary mechanism of cancer prevention or treatment by aspirin, in addition to classical drug mechanisms including inhibition of inflammation. Aspirin is absorbed to a significant extent in the colon by passive diffusion. Its absorption is linear and depends on concentration along the intestine, where the concentration of orally administered aspirin can be much lower in the rectum than in other parts of the colon. Therefore, if we want to harness the effects of aspirin against colorectal cancer, we should consider ways to ensure that aspirin reaches the colorectal tract at the appropriate dose to be effective. ”
Marco Scarpa, MD, Chief Researcher, University of Padova
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Reference magazines:
Simoni, O. other. (2024) IMMUNOREACT 7: Regular aspirin use is associated with activation of immune surveillance in colorectal cancer. cancer. doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35297.
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