The future of the archipelago is a question mark

JAKARTA – The decision of the Indonesian Constitutional Court to maintain Jakarta’s status as capital for the moment reopens the big question of the future of the Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) megaproject.

Even though the East Kalimantan archipelago is still recognized as a candidate for Indonesia’s new capital, the court’s decision shows that the process of transferring administrative powers is not completely completed and still entirely depends on the political decisions of President Prabowo Subianto.

Symbolically, this decision sends the message that Jakarta remains the true center of power in Indonesia.

This therefore raises the question of whether IKN will actually replace Jakarta which is at risk of sinking by 2050 or whether it will simply become a long-term project that moves slowly without clear direction.

Under the administration of former President Joko Widodo or Jokowi, IKN was considered a national heritage project.

The Presidential Palace is ready to be built in IKN, located in East Kalimantan. – AFP Photo

Nusantara is presented as a symbol of modern Indonesia which wants to escape Javanese domination by moving the administrative center to Kalimantan.

Jokowi sees the project as a solution to the problems of congestion, pollution, flooding and unbalanced development in Jakarta.

But the political landscape changed after Prabowo took over as leader of the country.

Focus switches

Although the government still insists on continuing the project, the new administration is now focusing more on issues of cost of living, food security, energy subsidies and economic stability.

Compared to Jokowi, who aggressively promotes IKN, Prabowo’s approach is considered more cautious.

This is why the court’s decision is so important.

This is not just a legal issue, but the fact that the government itself is not yet ready to fully transfer functions from the capital to the archipelago.

The fact that the final decision still requires a presidential decree shows that the process can be delayed at any time depending on the political and economic situation.

The megaproject involves the development of various government offices and housing. – PhotoAFP

The IKN’s biggest challenge is actually not building government buildings or roads.

The real challenge is how to make Nusantara a vibrant city that can organically attract residents, investors and economic activities.

Many new investment projects around the world face the same problem when cities are beautifully built but fail to develop as true economic centers.

Until now, Jakarta remains the financial, commercial, political and social center of Indonesia.

Most businesses, financial institutions and national economic networks are still concentrated in the city.

In fact, many observers believe that moving the nation’s capital is not as simple as simply moving government offices.

This involves changing work culture, bureaucratic systems, business networks and the lives of millions of people.

The cost is questionable

The estimated development cost of 440 trillion rupiah (RM98 billion) is also the main factor calling into question the project.

In an uncertain global economic situation, governments must choose between pursuing long-term megaprojects or prioritizing more pressing national issues.

Some visitors take photos in front of the Presidential Palace at IKN after the area became the focus of many people. -Photo AFP

It is clear that the court’s decision now places IKN in a more complicated position.

Nusantara has not failed, but this megaproject is no longer moving forward with political convictions like in the Jokowi era.

For now, Jakarta remains the capital of Indonesia while the future of the archipelago still depends on the political courage of Prabowo and the government’s ability to convince the population that the project is still relevant for the future of the country.

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