A French team discovers the movement of land before the huge earthquake

Issued on: 05/18/2022 – 11:36 Modified: 05/18/2022 – 11:51

French researchers used satellite data to observe the unusual movement of a land mass before a massive earthquake.

Using signals called gravitational field signals, from NASA’s GRACE satellite, the team of scientists showed that there were changes in Earth’s gravity due to the movement of the land mass a few months before the 8.8-magnitude earthquake that struck Chile in February 2010.

The study was led by Marie Boh of the Institute of International Physics in Paris. It aims to provide a better understanding of earthquakes and what happens before they strike.

“This earthquake could have been caused by surface spreading of this deformation which caused a rupture at the interface between the two plates,” Boye told RFI.

The GRACE mission, between 2002 and 2017, involved two spacecraft that followed each other in the same Earth orbit.

The two vehicles, which were separated by about 220 kilometers, sent signals between them to measure the distance between them.

“When the two spacecraft pass over a mass variance, the main spacecraft is attracted to that difference. It is thus pulled away from the subsequent spacecraft.”

“Later, the subsequent spacecraft is also attracted by the mass variation and pulled toward the main satellite. The distance variation between the two spacecraft helps determine the mass variation that they went through,” Boyeh said.

GRACE’s successor, called GRACE Follow-On launched in 2018, works on the same principle.

The unique part of their research is their ability to highlight smaller signals from the GRACE mission according to their size and direction, Boye said.

In this video, Boye explains what their work involves.

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