Haiti: Earthquake – 6-month operation update, emergency call №: MDRHT018 – Haiti

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Summary:

The Haitian Red Cross Society (HRCS) reached 15,884 families within six months after the 7.2-magnitude earthquake of August 14, 2021. With this emergency appeal, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies has supported the Human Rights Society in Syria to distribute multi-sectoral bedding kits containing 2 tarpaulins, a shelter kit, 2 blankets, 2 long insecticide nets (LLIN), 1 hygiene kit and 2 packs. Water and 1. Bucket.

Through the revised emergency appeal, the IFRC, in coordination with the Sudanese Red Crescent Society, has increased the original target of 25,000 people (5,000 families) to now aiming to reach 35,000 people (7,000 families) in the provinces of South, Nippes and Grand Anse.

All Emergency Response Units completed their duties by December 2021 and staff were assigned within the country and in the field to continue the operation for the long term. This process is the implementation of actions in the shelter; livelihoods and basic needs; health; sewage and hygiene; protection, gender and inclusion; Migration and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Enabling actions to strengthen National Societies; Influencing others as strategic partners and enhancing coordination and accountability underpins actions at the sector level, and under the leadership of the ICRC, the IFRC’s network partners in the country and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) continue to coordinate and complement actions. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies provided membership coordination services while implementing a Federation-wide approach to the process.

In Les Cayes, the Red Cross Emergency Hospital (RCEH), EMT Type 2, was in operation from August 29 until November 30 with deployments from the Finnish Red Cross, supported by the Canadian Red Cross, French Red Cross, German Red Cross, Japanese Red Cross, Swedish Red Cross and Cross Red, the Hong Kong branch of the Chinese Red Cross Society. RCEH assisted 5238 outpatient department visits, 615 inpatients, 381 psychosocial support visits, 136 people in need of protection, 115 deliveries (278 antenatal consultations), 92 surgeries, and 152 physiotherapy visits.

Thanks to the strong donor response, the CHF 750,000 loan was renewed for the emergency appeal process. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies expresses its sincere gratitude to all partners who have supported this emergency appeal and encourages further contributions to enable all planned actions to be realized.

a. Situation Analysis

Description of the disaster

The earthquake of magnitude 7.2 on August 14, 2021, with its epicenter 13 km southeast of Petit-Trope-de-Niebes (Nieps department), had a severe impact on the Haitian provinces of Sud, Nieps and Grand Anse. Haiti’s Directorate General of Civil Protection (DGPC) reported 2,248 deaths; 12,763 wounded; and 329 people are still missing; This organization identified 53,815 homes destroyed and 83,770 homes damaged.

Following the 14 August earthquake, more than 900 aftershocks were recorded; Of these, 400 had a size of 3 or more. This includes a 4.85-magnitude aftershock on August 18 that collapsed already damaged structures. After a rapid assessment conducted by the district health directorates of Haiti, with the support of PAHO/WHO, a total of 88 health centers were identified as severely affected (28) and slightly damaged (60).3 According to a satellite assessment by The World Bank, citing the DGPC, the country has nearly US$1.5 billion (or 10 percent of Haiti’s GDP) in economic damage and losses.

Regardless of the broad range of the numbers, humanitarian needs continue to increase and show no signs of abating. A REACH Resource Center assessment was conducted with ACTED reporting 14,790 displaced people in Camp-Perrin, Cavaion, Lasile, Manich and Pieste. This population is distributed in 87 different locations, 30 of which housed more than 100 people. This number is significantly higher than the IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix for Haiti, which reports that 1,644 people (602 families) were displaced by the earthquake; Of these 489 families (1,256 people) in Sud and 113 families (388 people) in Grand Anse. IDPs in the two departments are present in 24 evacuation centers (22 in Sud and 2 in Grand-Anse) and 12 regroupment centers (9 in the South and 3 in Grand-Anse). The displacement tracking matrix does not report the displacement numbers in nibs.

The threat of hurricanes and tropical storms still lurks in Haiti. The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June 1 to November 30, with peak months between August and October.

The Government of Haiti has requested support from food, health, shelter, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for the affected population in the provinces of Sud, Nippes and Grand ‘Anse. On August 15, the Prime Minister’s Office submitted a list of required goods, later detailed by the Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSSP), which it requested from the international community. The DGPC concluded its first phase of emergency response actions on 3 September. This report estimated the affected population at more than 690,000 people and reports that search and rescue activities have ended, and actions are shifting to recovery.

This emergency response operation takes place in a sensitive and volatile security context. While there was a respite from the roads blocked by non-state armed actors and the looting of goods in transit declined to the most affected areas, reports indicate a new escalation in security incidents. This situation remains a challenge for the Red Cross to remain effective and efficient.

Multiple tremors and heavy rains occurred after the earthquake. During late January and early February 2022, torrential rains hit several provinces of the country, notably the North, Northeast and Nippes departments. This situation is caused by the cold front that extends from the North Atlantic to Nicaragua and the crossing of the island of Haiti. According to the Directorate General of Civil Protection (DGPC), at least 20 municipalities have been affected by floods caused by runoff and floods from some rivers. As a result, 2,578 homes were inundated and 3 destroyed, leaving approximately 10,750 people (2,500 families) in need of temporary shelter (disaster families) in addition to food, non-food items and drinking water. Furthermore, damage to the road infrastructure has hampered humanitarian access.

Haitians still face adversity, and many leave the country daily despite ongoing deportations from the neighboring Dominican Republic and the United States. As Human Rights Watch reported, 49 people were interviewed during a visit to Haiti in December 2021 (including Haitians expelled from the US and Dominican Republic, representatives of UN agencies, members of civil society, Haitian justice and executive branch officials). This article points out the multiple complications Haitians still face and the impending situation surrounding the deportations: “From January 1, 2021 through February 26, 2022, 25,765 people were expelled or deported to Haiti, data compiled by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) shows. Among them are , the United States returned 79 percent (20,309 people) while the Bahamas, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, Mexico and other countries returned the remainder.

According to the ACAPS Complex Crisis Update as of February 16, 2022, “Reports indicate that sexual and gender-based violence including rape has been used in recent months to intimidate and control the local population, primarily affecting children, adolescents and women. Sexual violence has been reported by survivors. and gender-based violence in combination with other forms of violence such as kidnapping.

Sexual and gender-based violence is often invisible and unreported due to shame, stigma, fear of reprisals, and restrictions on the movement of survivors. Recent data not available; However, from 2017 to 2021, at least 7,000 people, half of whom were under the age of 18, presented for SGBV treatment at health clinics. Insecurity and threats to humanitarian workers have limited the provision of specialized mental and physical health services that survivors of sexual and gender-based violence need.”

The Sudanese Red Crescent Society, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and Haiti Red Cross partners, as well as other humanitarian actors, continue to support the response to the August 2021 earthquake whenever needed. The IFRC GO page for Haiti: Earthquake contains information from the field, as well as informational materials and documents related to the response operation led by the Haitian Red Cross Society.

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